usmle: anatomy: embryology
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- 1st pharyngeal groove
- external auditory meatus
-
corpus cavernosus
corpus spongiosum
gland and body of penis - phallus
- scrotum
- labioscrotal swelling
-
urinary bladder
urethra
prostate gland
bulbourethral gland - urogenital sinus
-
testes
seminiferous tubules
rete testes - gonads
- ventral part of penis
- urogenital folds
- gubernaculum testes
- gubernaculum
-
epididymis
ductus deferens
seminal vesicles
ejaculatory duct - mesonephric duct
- which PG maintains a PDA
-
PGE
indomethacin, catecholamines and ACh promote closures -
when does the primitive gut herniate out in the embryo
when does it go back in -
wk 6
wk 10 - what results when the palanting prominences fail to fuse w/ the other side
- cleft palate
- what is the term for a direct connection between the intestine and the external environment through the umbnilicus
- vitelline fistula (persistance of the vitelline duct)
- where do primordial germ cells arise
- wall of yolk sac
- 5-alpha-reductase deficiency
-
male pseudo-hermaphrodism
(individuals are XY)
-> testicular tissue and stunted male external genitalia - when does the intraembryonic coelom form
- wk 3
- cerebral hemispheres
- proencephalon
- midbrain
- mesencephalon
- cerebellum
- rhombencephalon
- medulla
- rhombencephalon
- diencephalon
- proencephalon
- metencephalon
- rhombencephalon
- telencephalon
- proencephalon
- thalamus
- proencephalon
- pons
- rhombhencephalon
- eye
- proencephalon (diencephalon)
- myelencephalon
- rhombencephalon
- pineal gland
- proencephalon (diencephalon)
- cerebral aqueduct
- mesencephalon
- neurohypophysis
- proencephalon(diencephalon)
- 3rd ventricle
- proencephalon
- hypothalamus
-
proencephalon
(diencephalon) - lateral ventricles
- proencephalon
- what malignant tumor of the trophoblast causes high levels of hCG and may occur after a hydatidiform mole, abortion, or normal pregnancy
-
gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN)
(choriocarcinoma) - how many oogonia are present at birth
- none (not formed until puberty)
- what right to left shunt occurs when the aorta opens into the righ ventricle and the pulmonary trunk upens into the left ventricle
- transposition of the great vessels (failure of aorticopulmonary septum to grow in a spiral)
- left umbilical vein remnant
- ligamentum teres
- foramen ovale remnant
- fossa ovale
- right and left umbilical arteries remnants
- medial umbilical ligaments
- ductus arteriosus ligament
- ligamentum arteriosum
- ductus venosus remnant
- ligamentum venosum
- mandibular hypoplasia, down-slanted palpebral fissures, colobomas, malformed ears, zygomatic hypoplasi are commonly seen in what pharyngeal arch 1 abnormality
- Treacher Collins Syndrome
- tetrology of fallot
-
Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Over-riding aorta
Ventricular septal defect
(PROVe) - external urethra opening onto the ventral surface of the penis
- hypospadia
-
CN of the
1st pharyngeal arch?
2nd?
3rd?
4th and 6th? -
V
VII
IX
X - failure of neural crest cells to migrate to myenteric plexus of sigmoid colon and rectum
- hirschsprungs
- pharyngeal pouch 3 and 4 failure
- DiGeorge's
- what embryonic structure, around day 19, tells the ectoderm above it to differentiate into neural tissue
- notochord
- are membranous septal defects interventricular or interatrial
- interventricular
- pharyngeal pouch and groove in a pharyngeal fistula
- 2nd
-
hCG in blood?
in urine? -
day 8
day 10 - pharnygeal pouch derivatives
-
1- middle ear
2- palantine tonsil
3- inferior parathyroid and
thymus
4- superior parathyroid
M PITS - true or false, in females meiosis II is incomplete until fertilization takes place
- true
- what derives from preotic somites
- internal eye muscles
-
jaundice
white stools
dark urine - extrahepatic biliary atresia due to biliary duct occlusion secondary to incomplete recanalization
- what hormone produced by the synctiotrophoblast stimulates the production of progesterone by the corpus luteum
- hCG
- how many sperm are produced by one type B spermatagonium
- 4
- all primary oocytes in females are formed by what age?
- 5th month
- ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
- truncus arteriosus
-
sinus venaru
coronary sinus
oblique vein of left atrium - sinus venosus
- right and left ventricles
- primitive ventricle
- aortic vestibule and conus arteriosus
- bulbus cordis
- right and left atruim
- primitive atrium
- after a longstanding left-to-right shunt reverses, causing cyanosis, and becomnes a right-to-left shunt, what is it called
- Eisenmenger's syndrome
-
true or false?
thyroid from foregut? - true
-
collecting duct
calyces
renal pelvis
ureter - mesonephric duct
- urinary bladder and urethra
- urogenital sinus
- external genitalia
-
phallus
urogenital folds
labioscrotal swellings - nephrons, kidney
- metanephros
- median umbilical ligament
- urachus
- epithelial lining of urinary bladder and urethra are __gut derivatives
- hindgut
-
projective NONbilious vomiting
and a small knot at the right costal margin (olive sign) - hypertrophic pyloric stenosis due to hypertrophy of muscularis externa
- separation of 46 chromosomes without splitting of the centromeres occurs during what phase of meiosis
- Meiosis I
- blood and its vessels form during what embryonic week
- wk 3
-
glans clitoris
corpus cavernosus
spongiosum - phallus
- gartner's duct
- mesonephric duct
- ovary, follicles, rete ovarri
- gonads
-
uterine tube
uterus
cevix
upper third of vagina - paramesonphric ducts
- labia majora
- labioscrotal swelling
- labia minora
- urogenital folds
- ovarian and round ligaments
- gubernaculum
- urinary bladder, urethra, greater vestubular glands, vagina
- urogenital sinus
- what direction does the primitive gut rotate
- clockwise around the superior mesenteric artery
-
preeclampsia in first trimester
hCG levels >100,000
enlarged bleeding uterus - hydatiform mole
- when does the foramen ovale close
- just after birth
- at ovulation, in what stage of meiosis II is the secondary oocyte arrested
- metaphase II
- failed recanalizationof the duodenum resulting in polyhydramnios, bile-containing vomitus, and a distended stomach
- duodenal atresia
- what remains patent in a hydrocele of the testis, allowing peritoneal fluid to form into a cyst
- patent processus vaginalis
- respiratory system is derived from the ventral wall of the foregut- true or false?
- true
- failure of the allantois to close
- patent urachus- urachal fistula
- prochordal plate derivative
- mouth
- only organ supplied by the foregut artery that is of mesodermal origin
- spleen
- tumor derived form primative streak remnants and often contains bone, hair, or other tissue types
- sacrococcygeal teratoma
- two pathologic conditions occur when the gut does not return to the embryo?
-
omphalocele
and
gastroschisis - true or false- for implantation to occur, the zona pellucida must degenerate?
- true- it degenerates 4-5 days post fertilization and implantation happens day 7
- what results when the maxillary prominence fails to fuse with the medial nasal prominence
- cleft lip
- what is the direction of growth for the primitive streak?
- caudal to rostral
- during what embryonic week do somites begin to form
- wk 3
- what embryonic week sees the formation of the notochord and the neural tube
- third week
- what right-to-left shunt occurs when only one vessel receives blood from both the right and left ventricle
- persistant truncus arteriosus
- what forms the chorion
-
cytotrophoblast
syncytiotrophoblast
extraembryonic mesoderm