vocab
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Terms
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- DNA
- the double stranded molecule that contains the genetic code
- heterozygous
- two different alleles.
- law
- statement about something that seems to be true condidtently
- homeostasis
- maintaining physiological balance
- photosythesis
- process by which platns, algae, and many types of bacteria make their own food
- cell wall
- gives protection and support, controls what enters and leaves the cytoplasm
- eukaryotic
- cells that have a clear distinct nucleus
- population
- a group of the same types of organsims living in the same place at the same time
- fertilization
- when a sperm and an egg unite, results in a new individual with a full set of 46 chromosomes
- mitosis
- cell division process in which DNA in the nucleus is duplicated and the nucleus divides into two equal nuclei that contain the same genteic information
- environment
- all of the surrounding things, conditions, and influences affecting the growth or development of living things.
- mutation
- change in the genetic code of an organism that may be good, or bad
- organelle
- small bodies in a cells cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function.
- ecosystem
- all the living things in an area and their physical environment
- meiosis
- a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells
- homozygous
- allele combination with both parts of genotype identical (example: TT or tt)
- variable
- an event condition or factor that can be chaneged in a study or test
- golgi body
- a structure in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell
- phenotype
- The physical traits that appear in an individual as a result of its gentic make up.
- asexual
- a type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring by budding or by the division of a single cell or the entire organism into two or more parts
- habitat
- the area where an organism lives, grows, and develops
- prokaryotic
- a term describing a cell that has no membrane bound organized
- antibiotic
- a substance that can kill bacteria or slow the growth of bacteria
- chromosomes
- structure in a cell's nucleus that contains genetic information
- chloroplast
- green organelle in a plant's leaf cells where most photosynthesis takes place
- community
- all the populations that live together in the same area
- organism
- an individual, living thing. [below "population, community, ecosystem, biosphere"]
- tissue
- group of similar cells that perform a paritcular function
- ecology
- the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings (hint: study of the creek life)
- cell membrane
- membrane that encloses the cytoplasm and forms the out boundary of a cell
- genetics
- scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation
- sexual reproduction
- two cells from different parents unite to form the first cell of a new offspring
- mitochondria
- energy for the cell is released from this structure
- biogenesis
- theory that living things come only from other living things
- consumer
- a person who buys good and services.
- nucleus
- the center of the cell and is the brain of the cell
- prey
- animals that are hunted and eaten by predators
- genus
- origin kind sort class
- vacuole
- ballonlike cell organelle in the cytoplsam that stores food water and other subtances
- decomposer
- organisms in an ecosystem that break down organic material (dead organisms, their waste, etc.)
- algae
- one- or many-celled plantlike protists that usually sre grouped passed on their structure and hte pigment they contain
- bacteria
- a large group of one celled organisms that sometimes cause disease
- adaptation
- the process of adapting to something (such as environmental conditions)
- control
- standard to which the outcome of a test is compared
- spontaneous generation
- incorrect theory stating that living things could arise from nonliving matter
- biotic factor
- the living parts of an ecosytem
- abiotic factor
- the nonliving parts of an ecosystem including soil temperture water and sunlight
- lichen
- forms when a fungus and either a green alga or cryanobacteria live together in a close beneficial association
- theory
- a hypothesis that is generally accepted due to LOTS of experimental support
- variation
- different wafs that a triat can appear--for example diffrences in hair skin or weight
- cloning
- The process of creating a genetic duplicate of an individual organism through asexual reproduction
- heredity
- the transmission of traits from one generation to another is called what
- gene
- coded info in form of hereditary units
- cytoplasm
- a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
- genotype
- genetic makeup of an organism
- biosphere
- all the places on Earth where life exists
- organ
- made up of different kinds of tissues that function together
- pasteurization
- the process of treating a suctance with heat to destroy or slow the growth of bacteria
- hybrid
- An organism that has 2 different alleles
- organ system
- groups of organs that work together to perform a certain task
- cell
- smallest unit of an organism that can carry on life functions
- lysosomes
- the cell's cleanup crew, small round structures, contain chemicals that break down certain materials
- ribosome
- a tiny structure in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made
- predator
- animals that hunt and eat other animals
- niche
- a roll in a organism life
- limiting factor
- factor that causes population to decrease
- recycling
- using something over again
- producer
- an organsim that can make their own food
- endoplasmic reticulum
- network of tubular membranes within cytoplasm of the cell occuring either with a smooth or ribosome-studded surface
- reproduction
- The process by which an animal or plant gives rise to another of its kind.
- kingdom
- first and largest category used to classify
- hypothesis
- educated quess