Hinduism
Terms
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- ganesa
- chubby, elephant headed son of shiva that presides over obstacles propritated before any undertaking
- maya
- a power of illusion (dependent on brahman) which keeps us deluded
- dhyana
- concentration and expertise in meditation
- kalki
- visnus 10th avatara still to come
- sacred thread ceremony
- males of the twice born classes, particularily brahmins, traditionally between the ages 8-13 are given a mantra to repeat and loop of sacred thread to wear over their left shoulders
- karma
- how to act in any and all circumstances in a way that will lead to ultimate truth
- guru
- teacher to guide and mentor in ones spiritual development
- the veda
- most revered texts possessing the status of shruti. 4 sets
- dravidian
- southerners
- polytheism
- belief in a divine world of many gods and spiritual forces
- avatara
- incarnates
- the laws of manu
- describe dharmic principles for the 4 classes
- kama
- the 4 goals which are knowledge of love, sexual and sensual pleasure, joy and happiness
- smrti
- category of hindu sacred writings that includes all that is not shurti
- Advaita
- Non- Dualism
- prithivi
- earth goddess
- the upanisads
- the last portion of each of the vedic sets of texts. philosphical speculation about the nature of reality, atman, and brahman and moksha
- mala
- prayer beads
- siva
- one of the two great gods of hinduism, wears animal skins, has 3rd eye, linga, bull
- divali
- festival of lights- the victory of light over darkness
- ananda
- bliss, part of brahman
- Agni
- God of fire
- kali
- dark, fierce goddess who symbolizes time and destruction
- Aryan
- the noble ones
- sakti
- the power which animates the entrie cosmos
- jnana yoga
- realizaton/liberation through transcendental knowledge
- sita
- ramas wife
- student
- first stage of life to pursure the goal of understanding dharma
- bhakti yoga
- yoga of loving devotion
- moksa
- release/liberation
- cit
- consciousness itself
- karma yoga
- a path of selfless action described in the bhagavad gita, it emphasizes detachment from the outcome of all actions which should be performed in a spirit of sacrafice to the divine
- dharma
- a guide to enable us to reduce bad karmic consequences
- brahman
- the expansive- all encompassing absolute reality
- sankara
- influentrial hindu philospher of radical non dualism
- sanskrit
- language "cultured/perfected"
- samnyasin
- renouncer
- ksatriya
- kings, nobility, warriors and landlords
- mohenjo-daro
- city center of indus valley civilization
- dharma sastras
- compendiums on social structure and moral duty
- marriage rite
- rite of passage
- sarasvati
- goddess of creativity (the arts and learning)
- untouchables
- the classless group hold the most inferior and defiling occupations
- pandavas
- 5 brothers called the pandava princes
- ravana
- demon who kidnaps sita in ramayana
- devi
- the great goddess, the source and summation of all female deities and the power that animaes the entire cosmos
- vaisya
- commoners,merchants, and artisans
- hanuman
- the monkey god often worshipped as a protector
- visnu
- all prevading, often blue, preserves righteousness through avatara cosmic king resting on servant
- rishi
- semi divine sages (seers)
- indra
- warrior god associated with thunder and lightening
- sruti
- this is applied exclusively by orthodox hindus to the vedic samhitas, the brahmanas,the arkanyakas, and the upanishads "revealed scriptures"
- krsna
- well known as an irresistable flute playing cowherd who charms gopi. Symbol of the souls yearning for the divine
- ramana maharsi
- modern hindu sage promoted inquiry (vicara)
- yoni
- stone receptacle into which a linga is placed
- hare krshna
- mov't that allow members to publically dance, clash cymbols, and chant a mantra to krshna as bhakti
- mahabharata
- epic that provides important information not found in the vedas
- linga
- erect phallus
- yajna
- vedic sacrifice
- ganga
- water goddess coming from shivas hair
- twice born
- three upper classes that could have sacred thread
- bhagavad- gita
- song of the lord- conversation between arjuna and krishna on the eve of battle
- Artha
- skill, know how, money: to develop ones professional abilities
- surya
- the sun
- brahma
- god of creation
- harappa
- indus valley civilization that shows archeological evidence of hindu like practice
- sat
- being/existenance itself
- householder
- marked by the marriages and beginning of work
- brahmin
- members of the priestly class
- Ahimsa
- non violence
- laksmi
- beautiful goddess clad in a red sari symbol of good fortune, luck, wealth, and fertility
- dyaus pitr
- sky god
- henotheism
- worship of one god but does not deny the evidence of other gods
- sudra
- the servant class
- the Rg veda
- oldest collection over 1000 hymns
- raja yoga
- royal yoga describes various limbs or aspects. Moral basis, posture, breather, concentration and meditation
- samsara
- all are subject to nearly endless cycles of rebirth wandering through worldly exisitence controlled by karma
- darsana
- going for an audience (to see and be seen by) with a deity
- indus valley civilization
- harappan civilization
- mahatma ghandi
- modern indian leader exemplified the use of moksha
- durga
- devi
- soma
- mysterious hallucinogenic plant
- atman
- our true self
- non dualism/monism
- sankara vedanta of radical non dualism and a formal monastic system for sannyasins
- samadhi
- the attainment of the highest state of transcendental knowledge
- rama
- tale of a prince sent to exile with wife sita
- hinduism
- a blend of religious beliefs and practices when developed through the mixing of Aryan, Dravidian,and triable traditions
- mantra
- sacred sound or phrase
- forest dweller
- retirement from work and householders life
- vahana
- mount or vehicle
- Arjuna
- the greatest pandava warrior
- puja
- hindu devotional worship of deities at home or in a temple
- yoga
- paths of physical and psychological practices who goal is moksha
- kauravas
- the evil cousins of the pandavas