BI107-Lecture 2
Terms
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- neural circuit of cockroach
- cercal fibers synapse onto giant fibers that synapse onto thoracic ganglion which synapses to motor fibers and onto muscles; REFLEXIVE, no brain involved
- neural circuit
- sensory to motor through neural tissue; ex: chameleon large eyes = sensory -> sticky tongue = motor
- dendrites
- receive info
- sea slugs & behavior
- starfish predator = stimulus; escape = response; sensory info controls muscle movements
- afferent neurons
- sensory (post office)
- g-protein
- guanine nucleotide binding protein
- monosynaptic reflex arcs
- ex: patellar reflex
- tracing sense to action
- sensory -> command neuron -> CPG -> motor neuron -> muscle
- Prosopagnosia
- can't recognize faces
- efferent neurons
- motor (extremeties)
- gustducin
- g-protein; transduces bitter & sweet
- c elegans
- common model for muscular dystrophy due to small # of genes, neurons & junctions
- transducin
- g-protein; cell membrane receptor for transduction of visual stimuli
- neuron voltage
- different colors produced which allows simultaneous recording
- action potential
- electrical current down axon
- rhodopsin
- visual pigment: retinal + proten opsin; retinal has cis and trans (conversion by light); triggers opening of sodium channel -> nerve depolarization(neuron fire)
- cerci
- cockroach hairs on hind legs that cause firing of neurons from microcurrents of predators; tells direction; 12mm/sec
- trap-jaw ant
- fastest predatory response known; mandibular motor neuron -> large neoron; 0.033s to respond
- transduction
- conversion of stimulus energy to chemical energy
- coupled oscillators
- dorsal flexion neuron & ventral flexion neuron; alternating firings; model for human walking, chewing, etc.