Biology Final Ch 20
Terms
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- cotyledon
- structure in a seed that functions in the storage and transfer of nutrients to the embryo
- cork cambium
- meristem that develops from parenchyma cells in the cortex and produces a tough outer layer of cork in the stem and root of a woody plant
- petal
- one of the modified leaves of the second ring of a flower (inside the sepals)
- vascular tissue
- system of tube-shaped cells that branches throughout a plant and transports water, mineral nutrients, and organic molecules
- meristem
- structure that generates new dermal, vascular, and ground tissue in a plant
- secondary growth
- growth in plant width
- vascular cambium
- cylinder of actively dividing cells located between the xylem and phloem of a plant
- sclerenchyma cell
- cell with lignin-rich cell walls that is specialized for support in the mature part of a plant
- pollination
- process in which pollen grains released from anthers land on the stigma of a flower
- wood
- secondary xylem that accumulates during the annual growing season of a plant
- stem
- structure of a plant that supports leaves and flowers
- petiole
- stalk that connects a leaf to a plant stem
- germination
- process by which a plant embryo begins to grow
- pollen tube
- structure that extends from a pollen grain and carries sperm to the female gametophyte
- ground tissue
- tissue between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue of a non-woody plant that functions in photosynthesis, storage, and support
- root cap
- thimble-like cone of cells at the tip of a plant root that protects the actively dividing cells of the apical meristem
- apical meristem
- meristem located in the tip of a root or the bud of a plant shoot
- bark
- all plant tissues outside the vascular cambium; includes phloem, cork cambium, and cork
- anther
- long stalk at the top of a flower's stamen where meiosis produces spores that develop into pollen
- fibrous root
- type of thin root that makes up a highly branched root system
- vegetative reproduction
- method of asexual reproduction in plants
- xylem
- vascular tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots of a plant to the shoots
- cortex
- mass of cells forming the ground tissue of a plant's root; also found in ground tissue of stems
- stigma
- sticky tip of the style in a flower carpel
- blade
- main part of a leaf
- bud
- undeveloped shoot of a plant
- dermal tissue
- outer covering or "skin" of a plant
- collenchyma cell
- type of plant cell with unevenly thickened cell walls that is grouped in strands or cylinders; provides support in the growing parts of a plant
- sepal
- modified leaf of the outermost ring of a flower; covers and protects the flower bud before it opens
- parenchyma cell
- type of plant cell that has thin walls and typically a large central vacuole; functions in food storage, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration
- embryo sac
- female gametophyte in a flower containing seven haploid cells, one of which is an egg cell
- style
- narrow structure in a flower; has a sticky tip (the stigma) and leads to the ovary
- phloem
- vascular tissue that transports food from a plant's leaves to its roots and other parts
- taproot
- large vertical plant root with many smaller branches
- primary growth
- growth in plant length