Biology Spring Exam-chapter 19 & 20
Terms
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- stamen
- male reproductive organ of a flower
- xylem
- vascular tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots of a plant to the shoots
- byrophyte
- plant, such as a moss, lacking lignin hardened vascular tissue
- stem
- structure of a plant that supports leaves and flowers
- flower
- specialized plant shoot that functions in reproduction ; unique to angiosperms
- fruit
- ripening ovary of a plant
- taproot
- large vertical plants in root with many smaller branches
- primary growth
- growth in plant length
- petal
- one of the modified leaves of the second ring of a flower ( inside the sepals)
- cuticle
- coats the leaves and other above groud parts in order to retain water
- lignin
- chemical that hardens the plants cell walls
- pollen tube
- structure that extends from a pollen grain and carries sperm to the female gametophyte
- anther
- long stalk at the top of a flowers stamen where meiosis produces spores that develop into pollen
- wood
- secondary xylem that accumlates during the annual growing season of a plant
- fibrous root
- type of thin root that makes up a highly branched root system
- gymnosperm
- plant that bears seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary
- plant
- a multicellular autotroph in which the embryo deveolps within the female parent
- stigma
- sticky tip of the style in a flower carpel
- collenchyma cell
- type of plant cell with unevenly thickened cell walls that is grouped in strands or cylinders; provides support in the growing parts of a plant
- parenchyma cell
- type of plant cell that has thin walls and typically a large central vacuole ;functions in food storage, phtotsynethesis and cellular respiration
- embryo sac
- female gametophyte in a flower containing seven haploid cells, one of which is and egg cell
- pteridophyte
- memeber of a group of seedless vascular plants with lignin hardened support tissue that includes ferns
- petiole
- stalk that connects a leaf to a plant stem
- secondary growth
- growth in the plant width
- bud
- undevolped shoot of a plant
- dermal tissue
- outer covering or "skin" of a plant
- meristem
- structure that generates the new dermal, vascular, and groud tissue in a plant
- pollination
- process in which pollen grains released from anthers land of the stigma of a flower
- carpel
- female reproductive organ of a flower
- style
- narrow structure in a flower; has a stick tip(the stigma) and leads to the ovary
- germination
- process by which a plant embryo begins to grow
- cork cambium
- meristem that developes from parenchyma cells in the cortex and produces a tough outer layer of cork in the stem and root of a woody plant
- ovule
- structure in seed plants in which the female gametophyte develops
- root cap
- thimble like cone of cells at the tip of a plant root that protects the actively dividing cells of the apical meristem
- angiosperms
- flowering plants
- sclerenchyma cell
- cell with lignin rich cell walls that is specialized for support in the mature part of a plant
- bark
- all plant tissues outside the vascular cambium; includes phloem, cork cambium and cork
- phloem
- vascular tissue that transports food from a plants leaves to its roots and
- sepal
- modified leaf of the outermost ring of a flower; covers and protects the flower bud before it opens
- ovary
- the reproductive , female organ in plants
- blade
- main part of a leaf
- apical meristem
- meristem located in the tip of a root of the bud of a plant shoot
- gametophyte
- the product of the haploid generation of plants
- ground tissue
- tissue between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue of a non woody plant that functions in photosynthesis, storage and support
- vascular tissue
- a system of tubeshaped cells that branches throughout the plant
- endosperm
- nutriet -storing tissue that nourished the developing embryo of a plant
- cortex
- mass of cells forming the groud tissue of a plants root; also found in groud tissue of stems
- cotyledon
- structure in a seed that functions in the storage and transfer of nutrients to the embryo
- seed
- plant embryo packaged along with a food supply within a protective coat
- pollen
- much reduced male gametophyte of seed plants that contains cells that develop into sperm
- vascular cambium
- cylinder of actively dividing cells located between the xylem and phloem of a plant
- vegetative reproduction
- method of asexual reproduction in plants