Chapter 8 Vocabulary - Biology
Terms
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- Autotroph
- organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
- heterotroph
- organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer
- adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
- one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy
- photosynthesis
- process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
- pigment
- light-absorbing molecule
- chlorophyll
- principla pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms; captures light energy
- thylakoid
- saclike photosynthetic membrane found in chloroplasts
- photosystem
- light-collecting units of the chloroplast
- stroma
- region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts
- NADP+
- one of the carrier molecules that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules
- light-dependent reactions
- reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
- ATP synthase
- large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group to produce ATP
- Calvin Cycle
- reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP AND NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars