Foot pathology
Terms
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- Antalgic gait
- limp because of pain
- Major foot bones
- talus, calcaneus, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
- Major foot joints
- metatarsal-phalangeal (MTP), inter phalangeal (IP)
- foot flexors
- on bottom
- foot extensors
- on top
- pump bump
- retrocalcaneal bursitis
- retrocalcaneal bursitis history
- irritation from ill-fitting shoes (pumps)
- retrocalcaneal bursitis palpation
- tender
- retrocalcaneal bursitis treatment
- decrease swelling, change shoes
- plantar fasciitis history
- tight gastroc & soleus
- plantar fasciitis treatment
- stretch, ice massage, orthotics
- pes planus
- flat foot
- pes cavus
- high arch
- Jones fracture
- complete fracture of 5th metatarsal, usually delayed healing
- Jones fracture s/s
- pain, swelling, pt tenderness, crepitus, can see on x-ray
- march fracture
- stress fracture of 2nd or 3rd metatarsal; most common stress fracture in foot
- arch sprain treatment
- support pads in shoes
- bunion s/s
- large toe assumes hallux valgus position
- bunion history
- usually pointy toed shoes
- Morton’s toe
- 1st toe is too short, causes gait problems
- Morton’s neuroma
- plantar nerves compressed between metatarsal heads leading to chronic inflammation
- Morton’s neuroma s/s
- c/o paresthesia in foot
- Morton’s neuroma history
- pointy, too-tight shoes, ill fitting shoes
- Morton’s neuroma palpation
- tender between met heads
- Morton’s neuroma treatment
- met pads: teardrop shaped pad between met heads, metatarsal bar just proximal to met heads, change shoes
- calcaneus fracture
- lots of force direct blow
- turf toe treatment
- shoe w/ more rigid bottom, tape toe to limit ext., RICE
- ingrown toenails history
- not trimming nails strait across, corner grows into skin
- ingrown toenails treatment
- soak in warm water or betadine about 20 min., pull out imbedded nail & trim, pack wound w/ gauze