Materials of the Earth
Terms
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- ___ is material that forms in the earth from nonliving matter?
- mineral
- ___ is the hardened parts or mark left by an organism that lived a long time ago.
- fossil
- ___ a material that can be burned to produce useful heat.
- fuel
- ___ a material that comes from the earth and can be used by living things.
- natural resource
- ___ is rock that has a large amount of useful minerals.
- ore
- ___ is to slowly break down or rot.
- decay
- ___ is decayed organisms in the soil.
- humus
- ___ is a material that plants and animals need to live and grow.
- nutrient
- ___ is soil with tiny grains that are packed closely together.
- clay soil
- ___ is good planting soil that is a mixture of clay, silt, sand, and humus.
- loam
- ___ is loose soil with large grains.
- sandy soil
- ___ is to change something so it can be used again.
- recycle
- ___ is a place where garbage is buried in soil.
- landfill
- ___ means to keep something from being used up
- conserve
-
True or False
There are less than 2,000 different minerals. -
False.
There are more than 4,000 different minerals. - What are the 3 types of rocks?
-
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic -
What type of rock is granite?
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic - igneous
-
What type of rock is gneiss?
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic - metamorphic
-
What type of rock is sandstone?
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic - sedimentary
- A place where rock is dug from the earth is a ___?
- quarry
-
True or False
Properties of minerals can be described by using your five senses. -
True.
Properties are anything you can see, feel, taste, or smell about an object. -
True or False
Coal is made from ancient plants? - True.
-
Decay begins just after organisms __.
a. are born
b. reproduce
c. die
d. become extinct -
c. die
Decay begins just after organisms die. -
In order to live and grow, plants and animals need __.
a. humus
b. ore
c. nutrients
d. clay -
c. nutrients
In order to live and grow, plants and animals need nutrients. - I am the decayed remains of plants and animals. I add nutrients to the soil and am usually dark brown or black. What am I?
- I am humus.
-
A fossil fuel formed from microscopic organisms is __.
a. coal
b. quartz
c. gneiss
d. oil - d. oil
-
A kind of rock formed when other rock changes through great heat and pressure is __.
a. sandstone
b. quartz
c. gneiss
d. granite - c. gneiss
-
Soil that is easy to dig out but has few nutrients is __.
a. clay soil
b. sandy soil
c. loam
d. sandstone - b. sandy soil
- I am not a good soil for planting. My pieces are packed too closely together for water to pass through and for plant roots to push through. What soil am I?
- I am clay soil.
- What can fuel be used for when it is burned?
- Fuel can be used for heat, cooking, and electricity when it is burned.
-
True or False
Soil, water, and air are the most important resources. - True.
-
True or False
You conserve water if you take a shower instead of a bath. -
False.
You use less water if you take a bath. - You're doing a great job!!!
- Keep on studying!!
- (Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic) rocks are formed from melted material deep within the earth. As it moves toward Earth's surface it cools.
- Igneous rocks are formed from melted material deep within the earth. As it moves toward Earth's surface it cools.
- (Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic) rocks form from layers of sand, bits of rocks, soil, and sometimes shells. Over time these things become cemented together.
- Sedimentary rocks form from layers of sand, bits of rocks, soil, and sometimes shells. Over time these things become cemented together.
- (Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic) rocks form as a result of a change in igneous and sedimentary rocks. Very high heat and great pressure inside the earth change the rocks.
- Metamorphic rocks form as a result of a change in igneous and sedimentary rocks. Very high heat and great pressure inside the earth change the rocks.
- The best soil for planting is __.
-
loam
Loam is the best soil for planting. -
In a landfill, trash is covered with __.
a. plastic
b. paper
c. soil
d. rocks - c. soil
-
A special kind of humus is called __.
a. clay
b. loam
c. gneiss
d. compost - d. compost
- I am a very hard part of an animal or plant that lived and died long ago. I can even be a footprint. What am I?
- I am a fossil.
- I contain large amounts of useful minerals. People have to separate the iron, copper, and aluminum from me. What am I?
- I am ore.