HISTORY FINAL
Terms
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- Direct Rule
- when local elites resisted conquest were they were removed from power and replaced with officials from Britian, France, or other colonial power.
- Aristotle
- Platos student. based things on analyzing and classifying. His favorite types of gov. were monarch, aristocracy, and constitutional
- Entrepenaur
- Sought new business opportunities and new ways to make profit
- Emilio Aguinaldo
- leader of movement for independance in Phillipines
- Reign of Terror
- created by commitee of public safety to protect France from threats. Revolutionary courts set up and 40,000 people died
- Tennis court oath
- a meeting of national assembly who said would not leave their meeting place (a tennis court) until they drafted a constitution
- Salons
- FVHTYTUTSR
- Benito Juarez
- dominated the era and instituted many freforms that helped Mexico's poorest citizens. his reforms included: separation of church and state, education reforms, and distributing land to poor
- Fall of Bastille
- NO NO NO NO NO NO
- Oliver Cromwell
- a military genius who knew how to use tactics and discipline
- Jean-jacques Rousseau
- N OOOOOOO
- Creole
- descendants of Europeans born in Latin America and lived there permanetly
- Monotheism
- To believe in one god
- Brahman
- Priestly class, from Aryan caste system, they were at the top
- Organic evolution
- theory that all species had evolved millions of years earlier from simpler forms of life by Charles Darwin
- Capital
- a ready supply of money
- Indirect Rule
- colonial power could reach its goals by getting support of political leaders where this form of rule was used. Local rulers were allowed to maintain their status. Lowered cost of government because fewer officials had to be trained. it maintained local culture and did not interfere with peoples customs
- Modernism
- DSAFDSFASF
- Axial age
- DFSAFDSFASDF
- Sepoy Mutiny Rebellion
- ALSO CALLED: Great Rebellion, or 1st war of independence, immediate caues was rumor that the British issued indian troops bullets greased with cow and pig fat
- Caudillos
- In post revolutionary Latin America..............
- Congress of Vienna
- Reps. of great powers- great Britian, Austria, Prussia, and Russia. Purpose: restore old order. most influential person, Klemes von Metternich
- Realism
- a movement where literary realists rejected romantasism and wanted to write about ordinary characters from actual life rather then romantic heros in exotic places.
- Ethiopia
- East of Africa. Italy tried to get it but failed.
- Oligarchy
- Rule by few...............
- River Valleys
- UGHHGHGHGHG
- Theocracy
- DFDAFDSFADSSAFDSA
- Zamindars
- Local officials whom the british believed would make easier while collecting taxes from pheasants. In India they took advantage, and increased taxes and forcing less fortunate pheasants to become tenants or loose land entirely
- Girodins
- a faction that represented areas outside of Paris and favored keeping king alive
- Laissez-faire
- "let people do what they want" concept that the state should not impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone
- Capitalism
- When men with capital could invest in a long-distance trade for profit
- Duma
- Russian legislative assembly created by Nicholas 2
- Miguel Hidalgo
- a parish priest. roused native americans and mestivos to free themselves from Spanish
- revisionists
- A marxist, who rejected idea of violent revolution. They argued that workers could achieve socialism through the parliamentary system.
- Muhammad ali
- called the prophet. spent days in cave in Mt. Hira. Developed Islam
- Plato
- Socrates student. wrote "THE REPUBLIC" wanted 3 groups in society: top: Philo-kings, until this good society could not be met. Middle: warriors, protected society. Last, everyone else. He thought men and women were equal
- Sigmund Freud
- doctor from Vienna who raised questions about the human mind. wrote "interpretation of dreams" thought human behavior influenced by past behavior. made physchoanalysis- were a therapist gets deep into a patients mind.
- Adam Smith
- Made best statement of Laisserz-faire. Said governement has three roles...............
- Boers
- Descendants of early dutch settlers
- Roman Empire
- FDFDSFDEFDS
- Liberalism
- held that people should be as free as possible from government restraint. believed all had basic civil liberties- equality before law, freedom of assembly, speech, and press. It was okay with religious toleration and separation of church and state. Wanted own constitution.
- Divine right of kings
- Kings who did not consider themselves accountable to their citizens, but only to god
- Henry V111
- reigned 1558 to 1603. Daughter- Elizabeth 1. strong and slured rulers who regularly consulted parliament to get support from policies. First wife, Catherine, has about 3 daughters and no sons. Wanted pople to declare marriage invalad. Pope wouldnt cause her family in Spain strong papal supporters. declared himself head of church of England. Parliament passed "act of supremacy" in 1534. They passed because hes still most powerful authority in kingdom and church lands that were seized sold to parliament
- John Locke
- 2 treatis of government- were critized absolutism, defended glorious revolution. came up with idea of natural rights (rights born with) were government protects peoples rights and people respect government. if government did not people could rebel and form a new government
- Peninsulares
- a person born on the iberian peninsula, typically, a Spanish or Portuguese official who resided temporarily in Latin America for political and economic gain and then returned back to Europe
- Anglican Church
- Church that Henry V111 opened because the pope would not let him get a divorce from his wife the church brought on many problems. This Anglican church proved England to be Protestantism, Spain and France were Catholic.
- Romantasism
- movement were wanted the arts to respresent feeling, emotion, and imagination of the individual artist. arose gothic literature like Frankenstein and Edgar Allen Poe poems
- Martin Luther
- DSAFDASFDS
- Athens
- Major city-state in ancient Greece. It's a peninsula and has direct democracy
- Czar Alexander 2
- Leader of Russia who attempted with many reforms, but he found he could not please anyone
- Mestizos
- People of European and Native American descent
- Waterloo
- In belgium, Napoleon met a combined British and Prussian army under Duke of Wellington. Napoleon lost and was exiled into St. Helena
- internal-combustion engine
- fired by oil or gasoline, provided new source of power in transportation.
- Ministerial responsibility
- the idea that the prime minister is responsible to the popularly elected executive body and not the executive OFFICER
- Proletariat
- the working class
- Ghandi
- Active in Indian independence. Set up movement on nonviolent resistance. Resisted unjust laws.
- Francisco Madero
- forced Diaz from power in 1911. his ineffectiveness increased demand for Agrarian reform
- Babylon
- A city-state north of Akkad, where Hammurabi's empire was located
- Louis X1V
- Believed divine right, unaccountable to citizens only god. Famous quote "i am the state"
- Puddling
- FDAFDAFDF
- Napoleon Bonaparte
- known for speed, suprise, and decisive strategys. Part of coup d' etat that rid of directory gov. to consultate republic., crowned himself Emperor ______ 1
- Emaline Pankhurst
- founded womens social and political union. pelted government officials with eggs, chained selves to lamp posts, etc. Basic Aim: the right of women to full citizenship in the nation. took dramatic upheal of world war 1 to make male dominated govs. to give in on this basic right
- Abolitionism
- a movement to end slavery that arose from north and challenged southern way of life. Many states succeded and this created the Confederates and the Union
- Five Pillars of Islam
- belief, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage. People believed if they followed this they would be rewarded on the day of judgement
- Literacy
- Ability to read
- Maximillion Robespierre
- Dominated commitee of public safety
- Cottage Industry
- when people persormed first making thread, then turning it into cloth in their rural cottages
- Czar Nicholas 2
- came to throne in Russia, grandfather Alexander 2. Devoted to holding absolute power of Czars
- Indian National Congress
- DSAFDASFDSAF
- Simon Bolivar
- member of creole elite. Led revolutions through South America
- Confucius
- philosopher in 6 century. thought it was important how we lived in the real world. He believed people were naturally good. Also, that obediance to superiors was very important
- Loyalists
- colonists who wished to remain loyal English citizens
- Thailand
- Then called Siam, was only free state in southeast Asia, after french conquest of India
- Thomas Jefferson
- Author of D.O.I and said life, liberty, and property were natural laws
- House of commons
- FDSAFDSFADSF
- Hammurabi
- warrior in Mesopotamia. He built temples, defensive walls, and irrigation canals and encouraged trade and brought economic revival. wrote the code of _____, which used to keep order and no conflicts
- Sans-culottes
- ordinary patriots without fine clothes (mainly members of the Paris Commune)
- Emiliano Zapata
- Roused landless peasants and seized wealthy estates of home owners. THE MEXICAN REVOLUTION.
- Augustine de iturbide
- DONT HAVE
- King Mongkut
- prevented Thailand from colonial rule. promoted western learning and maintained friendly relations with major European powers
- Imperialism
- Sought nothing less than direct control over vast territories
- Industrial Capitalism
- NOPEPEPEPEPEPE
- Philopenes
- William McKinely decided to turn this Spanish country into an American country
- Liberia
- by 1914, Great Britian, Germany, France, Belgium, Italy, Spain, and Portugal had divided Africa. The only two that had not was Ethiopia and _______
- Triple Alliance
- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
- Cecil Rhodes
- name a territory after himself known as Rhodesia, he also.....
- Industrialism
- AHAHAHFDHFKLDSFAL;FJD;
- Boston Massacre
- DONTTTTTTT HAVE
- Monroe Doctrine
- DSFADASFDSAF
- Enlightenment
- DSAFDSAFDSF
- Faraday
- put together a primitive generator that laid foundation for electric current
- Triple Etente
- Great Britain, France, and Russia
- War of 1812
- NOPEEEE
- Karl Marx
- NO NO NO
- Nationalism
- BLAH DONT AHBE
- Crimean War
- Russians invaded Balkan provinces controlled by Ottoman Turks. Turks declared war on Russia. Britian and France afraid RUSSIA would get to strong so they joined. Named this for Russian peninsula in Black sea where important battles occured. Russia asked for peace in Treaty of Paris.
- Henry Stanely
- took livingstons place in Africa. responsible for colonizing Africa (congo)
- David Livingston
- Trekked through Africa for 30 years. mostly interior.
- Marxists
- FKJDLS;FJDSK;ALFJDKLS;
- Charles Darwin
- Theory each species evolved from a simpler form (organic evolution) & natural selection- survival of the fittest