Geog/Ancient History 2
Terms
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- marshal tito
- he was the leader of yugoslavia
- truman doctrine
- president announces the U.S. will help countries threatened by communist take over
- marshal plan
- U.S. would give money to war ravaged Europian countries
- satellite
- countries totally dependant on Russia
- iron curtain
- Churchill's phrase used to describe the satellite countries of the soviet union
- balfour declaration
- Britain promised Jews a national home in Palestine so long as non-Jews rights were not threatened
- Margaret Thatcher
- Prime Minister of England, reversed the trend of welfare state, nationalized railroads, economic decline
- Clement Attlee
- Prime Minister after Winston Churchill; made Great Britain into welfare state
- Alexander Dubcek
- Ruler of Czechoslovakia, promised reform, civil liberty and democracy
- Lech Walesa
- Polish worker's union leader arrested, martial law declared because of protests over rising food/fuel prices
- Charles DeGaulle
- President of Fifth French Republic; distrusted US, allied France with USSR
- Francois Mitterand
- France turns to socialistic measures and elects this man; tried to ease economic strain; aggressive nuclear program
- detente
- an easing of strained relations between US and USSR
- zionism
- strong desire to form Jewish nation in Palestine
- nuclear winter
- dust from bomb could blanket earth, make it impossible to grow food or even see the sun
- magnetic pulse
- bombs destroy electrical machinery
- OPEC
- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (Arab nations)
- 3 motives for Soviet expansion
- not be invaded again, a buffer zone from the West, raw materials from surrounding countries
- Nuremberg trials
- international court set up to try Nazi in charge of concentration camps for crimes against humanity
- Why did Russian blockade of Berlin fail?
- Berlin airlift by Americans
- How did European Community try to get political & economic unity?
- "Common Market", wanted all Europe to share one currency
- N.A.T.O
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization - a mutual defense pact; Western nations to take united action against attacker if one of them is attacked
- Warsaw Pact
- USSR response to NATO; forced USSR satellites to contribute troops in casue of war, all except Yugoslavia
- CIA and KGB - differences
- CIA(American) formed to fight communism; KGB (Soviet)largest secret police force in history
- How did Israel become a nation?
- 1948 United Nations divided Palestine and half became Israel
- What did 600 Jews call ship they used to escape from Cyprus
- Exodus
- What happened when UN divided Palestine?
- Arabs infuriated, armies from Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon attack. Israel outnumbered and won.
- New medical treatments since WWII
- antibiotics, lasers, anatomic radiation to fight cancer
- How did OPEC use oil as a weapon?
- By refusing to sell to Israel and Israel's western supporters in the 1970s
- nuclear accidents
- 3 Mile Island, NY and Chernobyl, Russia
- concerns of nuclear warfare
- nuclear winter, magnetic pulse
- Describe 2 methods that Gorbachev used to ease oppression in USSR and results of methods
-
Glasnost - "openness" cut back censorship of the press
perestroika - "restructuring" of gov't and economy
Results: give people a little freedom, they wanted more. USSR fragmented as people rejected communism - Describe fully 4 step model of communist take over
-
Plant communists in country;
assume positions of power in country (by force); take over gov't; suppress people's rights and any protests - Give example of step #4 of commuist takeover in Afghanistan?
- Attempt to destroy guerilla resistance, bombing villages, indoctrinating children