Living Environment Unit 1
Terms
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- Biology
- The study of life and living things
- Nutrition
- taking materials from the external environment and changing it into forms it can use
- Ingestion
- taking in food
- Digestion
- breaking down food into simpler forms
- Transort
- process in which nutrients enter the cells and waste leaves the cells, both becoming distributed
- Absorption
- substances entering cells
- Circulation
- substances moving around inside of cells
- Excretion
- removal of metabolic wastes
- Elmination
- removal of undigested waste via the anus
- Synthesis
- cominbing simpler substances to make more complex substances
- Regulation
- all activities that help organism maintain homeostasis
- Growth
- increase in size or number of cells
- Reproduction
- process by which living things produce new organisms of their own kind
- Taxonomy
- the classification and naming of living organisms
- Classification
- Kingdom, Phyllum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
- Biological Organization
- Atom, Compound, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
- Prokaryotes have no _.
- nucleus
- Eukaryotes have these, and they separate themselves from Prokaryotes.
- nucleus
- What makes a molecule organic?
- It has Carbon and Hydrogen together.
- The Big 3 Organic Molecules
- Carbs, Lipids, Proteins
- Monosaccharides
- simple sugars, example being glucose
- Disaccharides
- double sugars, example being sucrose
- Three or more simple sugar units
- Polysaccharides
- Glycogen
- complex carb used to store extra simple sugars in liver and muscles
- Cellulose
- forms cell walls in plants
- Starch
- used to store extra simple sugars in plants
- Dehydration Synthesis
- combining simple molecules to form a more complex one with the removal of water
- Hydrolosis
- adding water to a compound to split it into smaller substances, also called chemical digestion
- Three major functions of Lipids
-
energy storage
protection
insulation - Three elements of lipids
-
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen - Lipids are composed of
- glycerol and fatty acids
- Saturated fats come from
- animals
- Unsaturated fats come from
- plants
- Wax comes from
- bees or your ears
- Fourth type of lipid is a
- steroid
- Four elements found in proteins
-
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen - Four main functions of proteins
-
growth
repair
enzymes
energy - molecule formed from two amino acids
- dipeptide
- molecule formed from three or more amino acids
- polypeptide
- Four different types of proteins
-
enzymes
hormones
antibodies
muscles