Western Civ Study Guide

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Islamic Turks defeated ____ Empire: Byzantine
_________ felt all Christians should have access to the Bible in the vernacular. He is credited as the force behind the first complete translation of the Bible into English: Wycliffe
Martin Luther, an __________ monk, critisized by the sales of idulgences in his famous _______ Thesis: Agustinian / 95
His reign marked a high point for France during the Hundred Years' War, with his armies recovering much of the territory ceded to England: Charles V of France
What was the intellectual crisis during the Renaissance?: Humanism
He arrived in Wittenberg in 1518 to teach Greek and Hebrew and was a staunch supporter of ______.: Martin Luther
This person was the Renaissance authority on courtly etiquette.: Castiglione
This book paved the way for the modern secular concept of power politics.: The Prince
Was Prostitution considered a necessary evil?: No
_______ hoped to reform Chrisitianity through the use of teaching the "philosophy of Christ" as a guide for daily life, translating the bible and early church fathers, and satirizing the external habits of the church but DID NOT spread the radical reform ideas of Luther.: Erasmus
Fall of Constantinople was in ______.: 1453
What are the three fundamentals that Castiglione talks about in his book?: 1) Nobles should have character 2) Participate in exercise 3) Follow standard of conduct
This is the everday language of a region. For example, in medieval Paris, French was vernacular. but Latin was used for academic writing and for classes at the University of Paris.: Vernacular
The previous year, Pope Leo X had issued the Papal bull _________, demanding that Luther retract forty-one of his 95 theses and other writings related to or written by him that criticised the Church: Exsurge Domine
This War was primarily a revolt of rising expectations against local lords.: Peasants War
Ignatius of Loyola was part of what society?: Society of Jesus (Jesuits)
_________ (1363-c.1434) was a writer and analyst of the medieval era who strongly challenged misogyny and stereotypes that were prevalent in the male-dominated realm of the arts: Christine de Pizan
He is considered one of the greatest European lyric poets. His sonnets were inspired by his love for a married lady Laura: Petrarch.
Humanism's influence in the writing of history can be seen in the emphasis on political, economic, and _____ forces: social
______ _______ wrote "The Book of the Courtier".: Baldassare Castiglione
What two things caused Machiavelli to write his book?: Italy's political problems and his knowledge of ancient Rome
The persecutions of Jews during the Black Death reached their worst limits in the _____ cities.: German
William ______ translated the New Testament: Tyndale
The French movement known as the _________ was in part caused by the upheavals of the Black Death and the Hundred Years War: Jacquerie
This group made Luther an outlaw within the Holy Roman Empire.: Diet of the Worms
The Great Schism led to a movement outlined by _________ of ______ called ________. He referred to the Church as a _____ of the ______.: Marsiglio / Padua / Concilarism / Community / Faithful
After their conquest of Grenada, Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile in 1492 expelled all _____ who would not convert to Christianity from Spain and in 1502 expelled all remaining ______ from Castille, thus earning the title most _____ monarchs: jews/ muslims/ catholic
He is well known for his frescoes in the Vatican palace.: Raphael
___% of people were killed by the plague.: 50%
Political crisis involved the question of what would replace the _____ system.: Feudal
This is the author of the "realistic" Renaissance treatise on politics: Machiavellie
War of the Roses was a civil war between the house of _______ whose symbol was a red roseand the house of ______ whose symbol was a white rose.: Lancaster / York
The Black Death is believed to have come to Europe from ______, carried by _____. It is believed to have killed between ___ and ____ percent of Europes population: Asia ; rats ; 25; 50
Who was the Pope when Martin Luther posted his 95 thesis?: Pope Leo X
This woman was known as the "first lady of the world" and effectively ruled Mantua.: Isabella d'Este
This society had 400 years of doctrines and solutions.: Council of Trent
What battle ended the War of the Roses?: Battle of Bosworth Field
________ (13 November 1312 - 21 June 1377) was one of the most successful English monarchs of the Middle Ages. Restoring royal authority after the disastrous reign of his father, he went on to transform the Kingdom of England into the most efficient military power in Europe.: Edward III of England
In the discovery crisis, Prince _____ found "different" people and the conscious moral decision behind that.: Henry
The four major problems that Charles V faced were what?: French, papacy, Turks, and Germanys inernal situation.
Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-Five Theses to the door of the _______ Castle Church, which served as a notice board for university-related announcements: Wittenberg
The Peasants Revolt in England, led by the farmer ____ _______ and the preacher ____ _____, did at least bring an end to the hated _______ ______.: Wat Tyler / John Ball / Poll Tax
Pico della Mirandola's Oration stated that humans can choose to be either ______ or ______ creatures.: Earthly / Spiritual
Renaissance popes had unsavory reputations, particularly the warrior pope ______, the pope who made five of his nephews cardinals, ________, and the pope who was infamous for his debauchery, __________.: Julius II / Sixtus IV / Alexander VI
In his book the Prince, what is Niccolo's stance on love vs. fear?: It is best to be both but if not, be feared.
This gave seven electors the power to choose the "King of the Romans".: The German Golden Bull
The Great Schism involved the ____, ____, and a third person: France, Italy
Luther and Zwingli parted company over the issue of ________: The last supper
This caused chrisitians to doubt the spiritual authority of the Church.: The Great Schism
_______ was one of the foremost intellects of the Italian Renaissance.: Pico della Mirandola
Unam Sanctam stated that there is only one ____ catholic and apostolic church. There are two swords, _____ and ______.: Holy / Spiritual / Temporal
This painter was influenced by Neoplatonism and did paintings on the ceiling in the Sistine Chapel in Rome.: Michelangelo
_____ asserted that she had visions from God that told her to recover her homeland from English domination late in the Hundred Years' War: Joan of Arc
The three pamphlets Luther wrote were " ______ to the Nobility of the German Nation", "The _______ Captivity of the Church", and "On the _______ of a Christian".: Address / Babylonian / Freedom
At twenty five he was already regarded as one of Italy's best painters.: Raphael
The English peasants revolt of 1381 differed from other revolts in that it was caused by what?: rising economic expectations
This is an assembly that was known for addressing the issues of Matin Luther and the effects of the Protestant movement.: Diet of the Worms
_________ is a theological system and an approach to the Christian life that emphasizes the rule of God over all things.[1] Named after French reformer John Calvin: Calvinism
These people abused themselves in order to win God's forgiveness: Flagellants
The Black death of _____ to _____ recurred in outbreaks throughout the ______ and _____ centuries.: 1348 / 1350 / fourteenth/ fifteenth.
She is one of the most extraordinary vernacular writers of the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries.: Christine de Pizan
Crisis of religion involved the _____: Great Schism
She is best known for her French prose works written in defense of women.: Christine de Pizan
Who was the nun that married Martin Luther: Katherina Von Bora
This man died in 1305 when captured by Philip IV.: Pope Boniface VIII
Niccolo Machiavelli wrote one of the most famous and most widely read Western books on politics, what was it called?: The Prince
This argued that councils should make church policy.: Marsiglio of Padua, Defender of the Peace
Henry the _____ made possible the _________ which declared that the king was "taken, accepted, and reputed the only supreme head on earth of the Church of England".: VIII / The Act of Supremacy
Martin Luthers early life was characterized by his obsession with his own ______.: Sins
_______ established his position by a series of letters called "_______", it was the strongest statement ever made by a Pope.: Boniface VIII / Unam Sanctam
The Chrisitian humanists were supported by wealthy _____ patrons.: German
Petrarch put new emphasis on the use of Ceceronian Latin, dismissal of the Middle Ages as a "dark age" and a search for ancient manuscripts but he did no renew a search for saintly ______.: Relics
Menno ______ is the founder of Mennonites: Simmons
What are the four doctrines of the Council of Trent?: 1) Sola Scriptura needs scripture and tradtion 2) Sola Fatih needs good works 3) Sola gracia needs 7 sacraments 4) Role of clergy should marry
In the Concilar movement, the power belongs to the _______.: People
What were the 3 pamphlets made between Church and State?: Church/State, Sacraments, and Salvation
In his "Utopia" ________ outlined a social order with communal property: Thomas Moore
While ______ is considered Father of the Renaissance, its greatest statement, Oration on the Dignity of Man, was authored by _____ _______ ______. In it he held that human potential is unlimited.: Petrarch / Pico Della Mirandola / Unlimited
________ has been praised by historians for his willingness to ignore the chivalric conventions of the time to achieve his aims, which led to the recovery of the territories lost at Bretigny.: Charles V
France invaded _____ in the Hundred Years war?: England
In the greatest social upheaval of his lifetime, the Peasants War, Luther sied with the German ______ against German _____. Order was necesarry, he argued, for the spread of the Gospels.: Princes / Peasants / Gospels
At the _____, the Catholic Church established a clear body of doctrine under a supreme pontiff, delcared that it was the only insitution that could interpret scripture, reaffirmed the doctrines of purgatory and the transubstantiation.: The Council of Trent
The ____________ was a popular revolt in the Holy Roman Empire in the years 1524/1525: Peasants War
The last supper drawing was done by what artist?: Leonardo da Vinci
Luther finally asked the question "Can I be saved?" by the dcrtine of justification by _____ through _____.: grace through faith

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Deck Info

Number of cards 85