Chapter 7
Terms
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- bishops
- headed the church in each city
- censors
- powerful magistrates who registered citizens, appointed candidates to the Senate, and oversaw the moral conduct of all citizens
- plebians
- mainly farmers and workers who increased their power and helped to form the Roman nobility
- Gaius Marius
- Roman general who was elected consul and brought major changes to the Roman political scene
- consuls
- chief executives who ran the gov't, commanded the army, and could appoint dictators
- veto
- refuse to approve
- martyrs
- put to death for thier beliefs
- rabbis
- jewish scholars who interpreted scripture and were learned in Jewish law
- inflation
- a rise in prices caused by a decrease in the value of money
- pope
- meaning "father", the title the patriarch of Rome took claiming to be supreme over the other patriarchs
- aqueducts
- bridgelike structures built by Romans to carry water from the mountains
- checks and balances
- prevents any one part of the government from becoming too powerful
- patricians
- powerful landowners who controlled the government and helped to form the Roman nobility
- Hannibal
- One of the greatest generals of all time who assembled a huge Carthaginian army for the second punic war
- dictator
- an absolute ruler chosen by the senators in the early roman republic to rule for up to 6 months
- Galen
- Physician who wrote several volumes that summarized all the medical knowledge og his day
- Diocletian
- General in the Roman army and as emperor, ended lawlessness in the empire
- republic
- form of government in which voters elect officials to run the state
- triumvirate
- meaning "rule of three", political alliance of three rulers
- patriarchs
- bishops of the empire cities Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem
- Scipio
- Roman general who defeated Hannibal and his army
- praetors
- were elected to help the counsuls and could command armies and oversee the legal system
- Virgil
- Greatest of the Roman Poets and arthor of the Aeneid
- gladiators
- trained fighters who were usually slaves
- equites
- class of business people and landowners with political influence
- tribunes
- 10 officials elected by the assemblies