Rome
Terms
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- Imperator
- head of state,all victories are won in their name
- Constantine
- (306-37) moved the capital to Constantinople
- Patricians
- noble families of the ancient Roman Republic; upperclass
- Plebeians
- lower class;most ancient Romes people
- Augustus (Octavian)
- The greatest ruler of Rome, Caesar Augustus was a conundrum: a ruthless politician and soldier who used his power to restore order and prosperity to Rome with such success that his reign (27 B.C. to 14 A.D.).
- Carthage
- ancient city & state of northern Africa on the Bay of Tunis northeast of modern Tunis. Fought against Rome in Punic Wars.
- Gracchi
- Roman statesmen & social reformers, the two brothers Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus (c.164-133 BC) and Gaius Sempronius Gracchus (c.153-121 BC).
- Veto
- An authoritative prohibition or rejection of a proposed or intended act.
- Struggle for the Orders
- a political struggle between the Patricians & Plebeians. The Plebeians sought political equality and achieved it in 287 BC, after two centuries of strife.
- Dictator
- An ancient Roman magistrate appointed temporarily, six months, to deal with an immediate crisis or emergency.
- Punic Wars
- Any of the three wars (264-241, 218-201, and 149-146 B.C.) fought between Rome and Carthage, resulting ultimately in the destruction of Carthage and the gain by the Romans of its territory in Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, Africa, and Spain.
- Hannibal
- He famously led his forces, including elephants, across the Alps and into Rome, where he terrorized Roman forces during the Second Punic War
- Diocletian
- Gauis Aurelius was emperor of Rome;established the characteristic form of gov. for the late empire, the Dominate
- Pax Romana
- The Roman peace.
- Empire
- A government that is ruled by a king.
- Senate
- A group of 300 men elected to govern Rome
- Julius Caesar
- Caesar is remembered as one of history's greatest generals & a key ruler of the Roman empire. As a young man he rose through the administrative ranks of the Roman republic, accumulating power until he was elected consul in 59 B.C.
- Latifundia
- Large agricultural estates originating in distributions by lease of ager publicus (state-owned land) in the early 2nd B.C.
- Tribunes
- An officer of ancient Rome elected by the Plebeians to protect their rights from arbitrary acts of the patrician magistrates.
- Consul
- the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, elected for a term of one year.
- The Republic
- a form of government that was both free from hereditary or monarchical rule and had popular control of the state and a conception of public welfare
- The Laws of the Twelve Tables
- Granted rights to all citizens, allowed Plebians to become magistrates.
- Client- Patron
- helps their Plebians become a Patrician in exchange for some type of service. Clients depended on their patrons for everything