Unit 6: Genetics
Terms
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- A vs B blood.
- A blood has A anitgens and B antibodies. B blood has B antigens and A antibodies.
- AB blood
- AB blood has AB antigens, but no antibodies, and is the universal reciever.
- Agglitination
- Happens when an antigen reacts with its antibody, blood clotting.
- Dihybrid Cross
- Produces a 9:3:3:1 ratio.
- Dominant vs Recessive
- Dominant traits show unless no dominant allele is present.
- Genotypic ratio
- homodominant:hetero:recessive
- Homozygous vs Heterozygous
- Homo- the same, hetero- different.
- Incomplete vs Codominance.
- Incomplete is a blend, codominance is when both traits are shown, each are written with to different capital letters.
- Mendel
- Experimented with alleles and pea plants.
- O blood
- O blood has no antigens, but both A and B antibodies, and is the universal donor.
- Phenotypic ratio
- Dominant:recessive
- Punnett squares
- Helpful in determining probability and genetics.
- Rh Factor
- Either - or +. + has antigens, - has antibodies. + should not be put into a - person
- Rh factor + pregnancy
- If a + baby's blood enters a - mother's blood it will build up antibodies, against the +, and when reentering the baby, the antibodies will destroy its blood.
- Segregation vs Independant Assortment
- Segregation is the idea that during Meiosis, the alleles seperate to make possible combinations. Independant Assorment is the idea that all traits are determined differently.
- Sex-linked traits
- located on either the x-chromosome, or y chromosome.
- Test Cross
- To find whether pure or hetero, cross it with a recessive.