American Diversity
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- American Federation of Labor
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⬢One of the first Unions
⬢Languages labor unions used: English and German - Irish Immigrants and why they came
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~ Potato famine and they were all farmers
oThey came over looking for jobs
oAlso because of religious persecution and industry revolution - Irish Immigrants and how they were treated
-
oPeople were extremely harsh towards them, prejudice and because:
Catholic ( most people at time in US were Protestants)
Considered drunks
Short tempered and stupid ( non educated)
Lazy
Competition for jobs - Know Nothing Party
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•Political party started by Nativist Americans
oWanted to maintain Protestant Anglo – Saxon men in power.
oAnti - immigration - Germans
-
Adapted better than the Irish
At this time, German and Irish were the largest groups - 13 Constitutional Amendment
- Abolished Slavery and enforced abolition
- 14 Constitutional Amendment
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Due process/life liberty property/ citizen equality
oCouldn’t be arrested w/o jurisdiction of states.
oAlso, all people would get equal protection - Leif Erickson
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Discovered America before Colombus and by accident.
Was viking from Greenland - Where did the people who first immigrated to North and South America come from?
- Euroasia (Europe & Asia)
- Why did Colombus call Indians Indians?
- Because he thought he actually landed in India and not America
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What did the Old World bring to America?
(could have been for the Indians)
AND What Indians did they bring these things to mainly? -
~Diseases, horses, weapons, and alcohol.
~The Plaines Indians - What large animal did the white men destroy, which hurt the Indian culture.
- Buffalo
- Daws Act
- Divided Indian reservations, which made it more for individuals and Indians worked as a more of community.
- Settlement Policy of 19th century for Indian reservations
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Oklahoma
North and South Dakota - Cherokee
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~Trail of Tears
~ Formed Republic in Georgia - What is the main difference between natives and whites w/ communities
- Indians worked together in a community and whites believed that it was better to work individually, and by themselves.
- Pope
- Indian who lead Spanish revolt in 1680
- 1883 Civil Rights Supreme Court Case
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~Stated that Congress unable to outlaw racial discrimination for privat organizations.
EX: If you owned a restaurant you can choose who you want to eat in there. Like, no blacks etc. - Who were African Americans least likely to vote for during and after the Civil War
- Democratic Party
- Booker T. Washington
-
African American Leader
Not militant and opposed to using violence.
Gave speech: Atlanta Compromise - right seeker for African Americans and also did not push South's buttons. - Edward Brooke
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African American Leader
1st African American after reconstruction to become a US senator - Colin Powell
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African American Leader
1st African American to hold position of Chairman of Point Chief Staff & Secretary of State. - 2 ways of promoting Abolition
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Violence
Immediate Abolitionists (gives rights through legal means and more peaceful) - Slavery in US different than everywhere else
- Only one race and one group of people
- Middle Passage
-
Bringing slaves from Africa
Horrific conditions - boat - Decleration of Independence
- Only written for white men
- Black Codes
- REstrict rights of free black men to make it like still slaves, used to keep African Americans in their place.
- 40 acres & Mule
- compensate African Americans of South to get started, didnt end up happening
- American Colonization Society
-
Headed by Marcus Darby
Wanted blacks to go back to Africa (Liberia)
~Prob: most AA were born in US so never been to Africa - Underlying Cause of Civil War....?
- Slavery
- founder of Liberator and involved in North Abolition Movement
- William Lloyd Garrison
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Violent Abolitionist
Harpers Ferry - took over an armery and wanted to start a slave uprising - John Brow
-
Took over after Lincoln
and came from South
Reconstruction Policy - President Johnson
- What did Pres. Johnson do with the Reconstruction Policy and the South?
-
Gave South what they wanted, let back in Union w/o cost.
He also Vetoed several different Civil Right Bills - 2 types of Immigration
- Old and New
- Old Immigration
- From North and Western Europe
- New Immigrants
- Came from South and Eastern Europe
-
Limited number to come to US (2% per country)
Also, Northern had biggest advantage b/c highest quota - National Origins Act of 1924 or called immigrants Act 1924
- LPC Clause
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Likely to become a Public Charge
(Prohibit/Limit Immigration) - Knights of Labor
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Indians didnt like Immigration
Terrance Powderly
~Feared that immigrants would take over jobs availabe in US - What did things like the Great Depression and War change about immigrants
- Less came over
- Three US British Colonies
-
1) New England
2) Middle
3) Southern - What British Colony was the most diverse
- Middle
- Why did Irish immigrants come to US
- Potato famine
- Why were Irish treated so badly other than other immigrant groups
- Catholic
- What immigration group was the least wealthiest when came over to US
- Irish
- Built Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads
- Asian Immigrants
- Immigrant group 1st to be excluded from US
- Asians
- Asians and San Francisco
- City wouldnt allow japanese into their schools.
- Took most interest in the Japanese immigrants because they came over without citizenship and stayed
- Japanese Goverenment
- Japanese bombed what?
- Pearl Harbor
- Japan and Pearl Harbor
-
Brought a lot of racism
Internment camps which violated civil rights - Japanese Internment Camps
- Werent as bad as Nazi ones, however, still horrible
- In 1988 we apologized to people who had decendents who were in US Japanese internment camps by....
- Giving 20,000 dollars to each
- Chinese Six Companies
-
Mid 1800s
Powerful organization in West Coast China town
Rep Chinese immigrants all over US - Restricted immigration of Chinese
- Naturalization Act of 1870
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Outlawed slavery in any territory gained from the Mexican American War
(was never passed)
Was in 1840s - Wilmot Proviso
- 14th Constitutional Amendment
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US citizenship and repealed 3/5 clause (which counted each AA as 3/5 of a person etc.)
This Amendment gave everyone equal protectoin under the law - 15th Constitutional Amendment
- Could not prhibit race as someone to vote. (Black men could vote)
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Written 1820
To regulate slavery in new western territories. A compromise between pro & anti slavery. Which states would and which wouldnt have slavery - Missouri Compromise
- Which act repealed the Missoui Compromise and instead territories themselves could decide if they wanted slavery or not
- Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854
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Compromise of 1850
Northerners had prob with this act because...(2) -
1) Had stricter & harsher fugitive slave laws
2) Rejected Wilmot Proviso - Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
- Divided South into 5 military districts w/ military union soldiers present in south to maintain order.
- What territories did US acquire after the Spanish American War
- Guam, Phillipines, Cuba, Puerto Rico territories
- Fouracer Act
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Spanish American War
Established civilian government in Puerto Rico - Constitution for Hawaii & territories acquired from the Spanish American War
- Insuler Cases
-
Big in 1970s
Demanded rights for Equality - Chicanos
- Leader of the Hispanic Chicanos
- Cesar Chavez
- Greatest increse in immigratino in past 25 years
- Mexico
- Threat of mexican deportation
- during great depression, taking white men jobs
- Famous for defining New Frontier - principle force in shaping American Life
- Frederick Jackson Turner
- Betty Friedan
- Feminist and wrote the Feminie Mystique
- Assassinated President Mickinely, which let Theodore Roosevelt become President
- Leon Czolgosz
- Ist major Industry to attract people to the west
- Mining Industry
- Watt's Riot
- LA in 1992 - race riot
- Ist major cash crop during Civil War
- Tobacco
- 911 and religious or ethnic discrimination group
- Arab, Muslim Community