nclex cram sheet
Terms
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- SODIUM
- 135-145 mEq/L
- Potassium
- 3.5-5.5 mEq/L
- Calcium
- 9.3-10.9 mg/dl
- Chloride
- 95-105 mEq/L
- Magnesium
-
1.5-2.5 mEq/L
toxic = 4.8-9.6 mEq/L - Phosphorus
- 2.5-4.5 mEq/L
- RBC
- 4.5-5 million
- WBC
- 5'000 -10'000
- Plt
- 200 000- 400 000
- Hgb
-
40%-48% women
42%-50% men -
HCO3
ABG - 24-26 mEq/L
-
CO2
ABG - 35-45 mEq/L
-
PaO2
ABG - 80%-100%
-
SaO2
ABG - >95%
- Glucose
- 70-110 mg/dl
- spacific gravity
- 1.010-1.030
- BUN
- 7-22 mg/dl
- Creatine
-
0.6-1.35 mg/dl
greater than 2 in older adults - LDH
- 100-190 U/I
- CPK
- 21-232 U/I
- Uric acid
- 3.5 -7.5 mg/dl
- Triglyceride
- 40-50 mg/dl
- Total cholesterol
- 130-200 mg/dl
- Bilrubin
- less then 1.0 mg/dl
- Protein
- 6.2 -8.1 g/dl
- Albumin
- 3.4-5.0 g/dl
- Digoxin
- 0.5-2.0 mg/ml
- Lithium
- 0.8-1.5 mEq/L
- Dilantin
- 10-20 mcg/dl
- Theophylline
- 10-20 mcg/dl
- HR
- 60-100
- RR
- 12-20
- BP
-
110-120 systolic
60-90 diastolic - temp
- 98.6 +/- 1
- CVP
- 2-6 mm/H20
- FHR
- 120-160
- Variability
- 6-10 BPM
- contractions
-
2-5 minutes apart
less 90 sec
intensity- less 100 mm/hg -
amiotic fluid
nitrozine urine
amniotic -
500-1000ml
litmus paper green
litmus paper blue - AVA
- umbilical cord has two arteries one vein
- FAB9
-
folic acid
decreses neural tube defects
clinet should begin 3 months before pregnant -
treatment for maternal
hypotension -
stop pitocin if infussing
turn the clinet on the left side
administer oxygen
push iv fluids
STOP - coumadin(sodium warfarin)
- PT - 10-12
- antidote for coumadin toxicity
- vitamin k
-
Heparin/Lovenox/Dalteparin
antidote- -
PTT
30-45 sec
protamine sulfate - jehovah witness
- no blood products
- hindu
- no beef/gelatin
- jewish
- no pork
- renal diet
- high calorie/high carb./low protein/low potassium/low sodium/fluid restriction intake=output 500cc
- gout diet
-
low purine (sardines...)omit poultry
meds= acute is colchicine
maintenece is zyloprim - heart healthy diet
- low fat less then 30 % of diet
- acid/base balance
-
less 7.35 Acid
> 7.45 Alkaline -
respiratory acidosis
opp. - pH down CO2 up and HCO3 up
-
metabolic acidosis
equal - pH dowm CO2 down and HCO3 down
-
respiratory alkalosis
opp. - pH up CO2 down HCO3 down
-
metabolic alkalosis
equal - pH up CO2 up an HCO up
-
addisons
cushings -
add cortisone
too much cortisone - treatment spider bites/bleeding
-
RICE
rest ice compression elevate extremity - treatment for sickle cell crises
-
HHOP
heat hydration oxygen pain meds - risk factors for gallbladder disease
- fair fat forty five pregnacies flatulent
-
caine=
mab=
stigmine=
phylline=
cal=
done= -
anesthetics
monoclonal antibodies
cholinergics
bronchodilators
calcium
opoids -
femur fractures
hip fractures -
risk for fat emboli
commonly hemmorage -
angiotension
-pril -
treat-hypertension primary/sec.
SE- HypoT BC TC H N/V
respiratory prob
Moniter- VS reg./WBC/electrolytes -
beta adrenergic blockers
-olol -
treat-lower BP/HR/COutput
SE-O.hypoT/BC/NV/diarhea/
CHF/blood dyscrasias
moniter-lab values- /BUN creatine for nephrotic
syndrome
VS
edema
teach -rise slowly/taper off meds report AEdepression/fever/BC) -
anti-infectives
-mycin/cillin/cef-/sulf -
kills bacteria
SE- ototoxicity/nephrotoxicity /
seziures/blood dys./hypoT/Rash
moniter-I/O signs of toxcity /urinary change/VS while infusion /peak-troughs/history of allergies/patent IV site -
benzodiazpines (anticonvulsants/sedative/antianxiety)
-pam - poxide -
treat- anxiety /sleep prob
SE-drwsiness/lethargy/ataxia/depression/restlessness/slurred speech BC HypoT Diplopia /Nystagmus/ NV/constiparion/incontinence
urinary retentio nrespiratory depression
monier-liver kidney and bone marrow function and respirations -
phenothiazines antipsychotic/anitemetic
-zine -
*
be given IM-z track BC irratating to skin
SE or AE- extrapyramidal effects/drwsines/sedation/O. HypoT/dry mouth -
glucocorticoids
-one
-cort -
treat - addisons/anitinflamatory/reduce cerebral edema
SE/AE- acne poor wound healing eccymosis /brusing petechaie/dpression/flushing/sweating/moo changes/hyperT/osteoporosis/diarrhea/hemmorage
moniter-glucose/weigh daily/BP/signs of infection -
antivirals
-vir -
treat- AIDS/HSV-1 and 2 /vaicella infections(chikenpox)/hepes zoster(shingles)/herpes simplex (fever blisters()/RSV/CMV/retnitis
SE/AE=NV diarrhea/ oliguria/poteinuria/vaginitis
CNS -tremors/confusin /seizures
moniter-creatine levels/liver bowel pattern/tell to report rash(allergic reation!)/signs of infection -
cholesterol lowering agents
-statin
*rhabdomyolysis=muslce wasting linked with use -
take lipitor at night/dont take this class with grapejuice
SE-rash/alopecia/dyspepsia/liver prop./muscle weakness /myalgia/H
moniter-liver/renalcholesterol
visual changes
(opacities)
muscle pain or weakness -
angiotension receptor blockers(of vasocontrsiction/adolsetrone secreting)
-startan -
treats- hypertensions cough due to ACE inhibitors
SE/AE = Dizz/insomia/depression/angina pectoris/second degree AV block /conjuctivitis/Diar./NV/muscle cramps /netropenia/cough
Moniter-BUN/BP/P/creatine B4/electrolytes/edema in legs/hydration -
Cox 2 enzyme blockers
-xib
*eat with food BC GI discomfort
*link to increased risk for MI/stroke -
treat-relieve pain/reduce inflamation with osteoarthritis/rhematoid
known as NSAIDS
SE-Fatigue anxiety depression dizziness TC Tinnitus N gastroenteritis stomatitis
moniter-platlet/tell reprt brusing /any change in bowel -
histamine 2 Antagonist(block histamine receptors)
-tidine -
treats- GERD/gastric ulcers/decrease acid productio SE-confusion/BC/TC/Diar./Psychosis/seizures/agranulocytosis/rash/alopecia/gynecomastia/galatorrhea
moniter-gastric
PH /BUN/give with meals/antaacids 1 hr b4 or after / -
proton pump inhibotors
(inhibits hydrogen/patassium)
-prazole
* Abilify genric name ariprazole (not a proton pump drug) -
treats-GERDS/esophagitis/indigestion
SE= H insomnia/diar./gas/rash/hperglycemia
moniter-not to crush pantaprazole/
take B4 meals
and liver function -
anticoagulents
-parin sodium -
treat-thrombolytic disease
PE/MI/DVT/after coronary bypass
SE-fever/diar./stomatitis/bleeding /hematuria/dermatitis/aopecia/pruritis
moniter- occult blood /PTT theraputic 1.2-2.0 x control/platlet count/signs of bleeding and iinfection