Health Final Vocab
Vocab from chapters 5 and 6 and other questions from the review for the health final!
Terms
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- Electrolytes
- Minerals that become electrically charged when in solution
- Anorexia Nervosa
- A disorder in which the irrational fear of becoming obese results in severe weight loss from self-induced starvation
- Carbohydrate Loading
- Storing extra glycogen in the muscle
- Pathogens
- Foreign invaders and organisms that may cause illness
- Proteins
- Nutrients that help build and maintain body tissues
- Megadoses
- Very large amounts of nutrient supplements
- Overweight
- Weighing more than 10 percent over the standard weight for height
- Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)
- The amounts of nutrients that will prevent deficiencies and excesses in most healthy people
- Linoleic Acid
- An essential fatty acid not made in the body but which is essential for growth and healthy skin
- Underweight
- Being 10 percent or more below normal weight
- Glucose
- A simple sugar and the body's chief fuel
- Essential Amino Acids
- Must come from the foods you eat
- Carbohydrates
- The starches and sugars found in foods
- Cross-Contamination
- The spreading of bacteria from one food to another
- Nutrition
- The process by which the body takes in and uses food
- Contaminent
- A substance that spoils or infects
- Bulimia Nervosa
- A disorder in which cycles of overeating are followed by some form of purging or clearing of the digestive tract
- Appetite
- A desire, rather than a need, to eat
- Weight Cycling
- The cycle of losing, regaining, losing, and regaining weight
- Nutrient Supplements
- Pills, powders, liquids, and other nonfood forms of nutrients
- Rehydration
- Restoring lost body fluids
- Enriched Food
- A food in which nutrients that were lost in processing have been added back
- Unit Pricing
- A strategy for recognizing the relative cost of a product based on the cost of a standard unit, such as an ounce or gram
- Lipid
- A fatty substance that does not dissolve in water
- Cholesterol
- A fatlike substance produced in the liver of all animals and therefore found only in foods of animal origin
- Minerals
- Inorganic substances that the body cannot manufacture but that act as catalysts, regulating many vital body processes
- Undernutrition
- Not consuming enough essential nutrients or calories for normal body functions
- Perishable
- Liable to spoil
- Pasteurized
- Treated by a process of heating to destroy or slow the growth of pathogens
- Vitamins
- Compounds that help regulate many vital body processes including the digestion, absorption of metabolism of other nutrients
- Intolerence
- A negative reaction to a food or an ingredient in food that is not related to the body's immune system or to food poisoning
- Amino Acids
- Substances that make up body proteins
- Nutrients
- The substances in food that your body needs to function properly to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy
- Foodbourne Illness
- Food poisoning
- Hunger
- A natural drive that protects you from starvation
- Glycogen
- A starch-like substance that is glucose that is stored in the liver and muscles
- Nutrientdense
- Foods high in nutrients relative to their caloric content
- Body Mass Index (BMI)
- The ratio of weight to height
- Fortification
- The addition of nutrients that are not naturally present
- Food Allergy
- The body's immune system overreacts to substances in some foods
- Fasting
- Avoiding Food
- Obesity
- Excess body fat or adipose tissue
- Vegans
- Vegetarians who eat only foods of plant origin