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Study of the Blood

Terms

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Erythrocyte
Red blood cells that are necessary for carrying oxygen to the body cells
Reticulocytes
Erythrocytes (red blood cells) that haven't reached maturity (grown to adulthood) that escape and get into the blood circulation
Leukocyte
White blood cells that have the job of protecting the body from infection by getting around bacteria and eating it (phagocytosis)
Thrombocyte
Blood platelets that are necessary for blood to clot (or stop flowing) to prevent bleeding to death
Plasma
The liquid portion of the blood that carries the blood cells
Stem cell
A special cell found in the bone marrow that all cells begin from.
Erythropoietin
The process of making red blood cells or erythrocytes. It is released into the body when more red blood cells are needed. During exercise, rise in temperature
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin is the red pigment that carries oxygen and is found in erythrocytes.
Oxyhemoglobin
Hemoglobin that is saturated (full and can hold no more) with oxygen
Composition of blood
Blood is 55% plasma and 45% blood cells.
Plasma is 92% water and 8% proteins, ions, sugars,amino acids and nitrogen waste
Four functions of blood
Maintain amount of water in tissues
Maintain body temperature
Protect acid-base balance in body
Carry food, oxygen, carbon dioxide and waste in and out of cells
Difference between adult and fetal hemoglobin
Fetal hemoglobin can be saturated with oxygen at a lower oxygen tension
Anticoagulant
Prevents blood from clotting and is used to prevent strokes and blood clots in the body
Blood clots involve
Vitamin K
Fibrin insoluble protein
Calcium ions
Enzyme ??
Functions and types of white blood cells (Leukocytes)
Phagocytes-engulf (eat) bacteria to protect body from infection
Granulocytes are phagocytes
Types of granulocytes-neutrphils (Phagocytes), eosinphils (antigen-antibody complexes), basophils (store histamine)
Agranulocytes are also white blood cells
(Lympocytes (synthesis of antibodies)
Monocytes-form macrophages for phagocytosis

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