Diagnostic, symptomatic and related terms ch8 of med term
Terms
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- aneurysm
- localized abn dilation of vessel, usually artery
- arrest
- cond of being stoppend or bringing to a stop
- cardiac arrest
- loss of effective cardiac function, which results in cessation of circulation (due to ventricular fibrillation or asystole - no observable myocardial activity)
- circulatory arrest
- cessation of the circulation of bld due to ventricular standstill or fibrillation
- arrythmia
- inability of the heart to maintain a steady rhythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or skipping a beat
- bruit
- soft blowing sound heard on auscultation - possibly due to vibrations assoc with movement of bld, valvular action or both AKA murmur
- cardiomyopathy
-
any disease of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac func
(caused by viral infections, metabolic disorders, or gen systmic disease) - catheter
- thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube that is small enough to be threaded through a vein, artery, or tubular structure
- coarctation
- narrowing of a vessel, esp the aorta
- heart failure
- failure of the heart to supply an adequate amt of bld to tiss and organs (caused by impaired coronary bld flow, cardiomyopathies, and heart valve dis) replaced term CHF
- embolus
- mass of undissolved matter (foreign object, air, gas, tiss, thrombus) circulating in bld or lymph channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel
- fibrillation
- quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions esp of the heart causing ineffectual contractions
- hemostasis
- arrest of bleeding or circulation
- hyperlipidemia
- excessive amts of lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides) in the bld
- hypertension
- elevated BP exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic
- primary hypertension
-
no identifiable cause AKA essential hypertension
(obesity, high serum Na level, hypercholesterolemia, or family history) - secondary hypertension
- underlying, identifiable , commonly correctable caus
- hypertensive heart disease
- any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including lft ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery dis, cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure
- implantable cardioverter- defibrillator (ICD)
- implantabe battery-powered device that monitors and corrects an irregular heart rhythm by sending impulses to the heart
- infarct
- area of tiss that undergoes necrosis following cessation of bld supply
- ischemia
- local and temporary defiency of bld supply due to circulatory obstruction
- mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
-
common and occasionally serious cond in which leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the lft atrium during systole causing a murmur heard on auscultation
sign/symp: palpitation of the heart, panic attacks with pounding heart beat.(prophylactic tx with antibiotics before invasive proc is neccessary b/c of valve infection) - radioisotope
- chemical radioactive substance used as a tracer to follow a substance through the body or structure
- palpitation
- sensation that the heart is not beating normally, thumping, fluttering, skipped beats, or pounding feeling in the chest
- patent ductus arteriosus
- failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, allowing bld to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary (lung)artery
- perfusion
- circulation of bld through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ
- tetralogy of Fallot
- congenital anomaly consisting of 4 elements:pulmonary artery stenosis, interventricular septal defect, transposition of the aorta so that both ventricles empty into the aorta, rt ventricular hypertrophy caused by increased workload of the rt ventricle.
- stent
- slender or threadlike deviceused to hold open vessels, tubes, or an obstructed artery
- Stokes-Adams syndrome
- altered state of consciousness or fainting due to dec bld flow to brain caused by prolonged asystole (absence of muscular contraction of the heart)
- thrombus
- bld clot that obstructs a vessel