NJDS: Histology - Cementum
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- What is cementum?
- The hard tissue that covers the roots of the teeth and provides a partial anchor for the periodontal ligament.
- What is the cementum derived from?
- The dental follicle.
- What are the 2 major types of cementum? Describe.
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Acellular--provides attachment for the periodontal ligament.
Cellular--contains cementocytes. Formed in response to minor persistent trauma and/or tooth wear. - Which type of cementum provides attachment for the periodontal ligament?
- Acellular
- Which type of cementum contains cementocytes?
- Cellular
- Which type of cementum is formed in response to minor persistent trauma and/or tooth wear?
- Cellular
- What criteria is used to subclassify cementum?
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Time of formation (primary vs secondary)
Presence of cementocytes (acellular vs cellular)
Origin of collagen (intrinsic vs extrinsic) - Where does intrinsic collagen originate? Extrinsic?
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Intrinsic--From the cementoblast
Extrinsic--From the PDL fibroblast - Describe primary acellular intrinsic fiber cementum.
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1.Earliest formed cementum
2.Deposited prior to PDL formation
3.Serves an anchoring function. - Describe primary acellular extrinsic fiber cementum.
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1.Produced through the incorporation of PDL fibers
2.Serves an anchoring function - Describe secondary cellular intrinsic fiber cementum.
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1.Contains cementocytes in lacunae
2.Contributes little to the PDL attachment
3.Serves an adaptive purpose - Describe secondary cellular mixed fiber cementum.
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1.This is the majority of secondary cementum
2.Encloses PDL fibers
3.Has cementocytes and is laminated
4.Surface layer is cementoid - Describe acellular afibrillar cementum.
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1.Has no function and is considered an anomaly.
2.Seen only on enamel surface as a thin extension of the root cementum or as a small isolated patch near the CEJ. - Describe intermediate cementum.
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1.Has no function
2.A type of secondary cellular intrinsic fiber cementum near the apical foramen.
3.Contains entrapped cellular elements. - Describe mixed stratified cementum.
- An alternation of layers of acellular intrinsic and cellular intrinsic fiber cementum present at the apex. Could be an adaptational function.
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Regarding the following CEJ conditions, which occur most frequently, and which occur least frequently?
Teeth showing cementum and enamel meeting head to head.
Teeth showing cementum overlapping enamel.
Teeth showing a gap - Historically, 60% of teeth show cementum overlapping enamel, 30% of teeth show the two tissues meeting head to head, and 10% of teeth show a gap. However, these conditions can be found in all teeth.
- Which subtype(s) of cementum contains the earliest formed cementum?
- Primary acellular intrinsic fiber cementum.
- Which subtype(s) of cementum serves an anchoring function?
- Primary acellular intrinsic AND extrinsic fiber cementum.
- Which subtype(s) of cementum contain cementocytes?
- Secondary cellular intrinsic , intermediate cementum, and mixed fiber cementum.
- Which subtype(s) of cementum contains a surface layer of cementoid?
- Secondary cellular mixed fiber cementum.
- Which subtype(s) of cementum serve no function?
- Acellular afibrillar cementum and intermediate cementum.
- Which subtype of cementum demonstrates an alternation of layers?
- Mixed stratified cementum.
- Secondary Cementum is comprised mostly of which subtype?
- Secondary cellular mixed fiber cementum.
- Which subtype of cementum encloses the PDL fibers?
- Secondary cellular mixed fiber cementum.