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Unit 5 Review

Terms

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Montesqieu
1689-1755, France, The Spirit of Laws- Best form of government involves separate powers. Power of government separated into 3 branches, Legislative, Judicial, and Executive. Influence seen in the U.S. Constitution.
The Enlightenment - Art
Art during the enlightenment had romantic themes, and the colors used in the paintings relfected the romantic themes, bot just real life actual colors.
Pseudonym
False or fake name. Used by philosophes to avoid censorship.
Secularism
Not in the influence of religion.
Rousseau
1712-1778, France, The Social Contract- Government is a contract between rulers and the people. Humans are naturally good. Government should exist to protect common good and should be a democracy. Influence seen in the Declaration of Independance.
Hobbes
1588-1679, England, Leviathon- The sate must have central authority to manage behavior. People are by nature evil. Absolute monarchy is best form of government.
Absolute monarch
A monarch that tries to control every aspect of life in the lands in which they rule. They did not have complete power, they still had to listen to the nobles.
Baroque Style
Complex and/or multilayered.
Voltaire
1694-1778, France, Candide- Mosy famous satire. Freedom of speech is important. Religious tolerance and separation of church and state. Influence seen in the U.S. Bill of Rights.
Salon
A group meeting that happened in a wealthy person's home. Usually they invited philosophes to discuss about a certain topic.
Philosophes
The intellectuals of the Enlightenment. Many published under pseudonyms*.
Locke
1632-1704, England, Two Treaties of Government- People are sovereign. Monarchs are not chosen by God. People are by nature good and reasonable. 3 natural rights: Life, Liberty, and Property. Influence seen in the Declaration of Independance.
The Enlightenment - Age of Reason
18th century. Developed as a result of the Scientific Revolution.
Eugene Delacroix
Born in 1798 in France. Painted with romantic themes: emotion, not reason, and the use of color reflected emothion, not realisticality. Historic themes. One of his pieces is the Liberty Guiding the People.
Johann Sebastian Bach
Born in 1685 in Germany into a musical family. Studied music all his life. Traveled and brought new music ideas to the church.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Born in 1756 in Austria into a musical family. H e was known as a musical prodigy. He toured Europe playing for nobles and the kings. He played in a classical style.

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