OU hist 122 final
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- THOMAS BECKET
- • Friends with Henry II • Archbishop of Canterbury • Believed you can't try a man for the same crime twice • Henry spoke under his breath that someone should shut him up • He was heard, guards killed him • GG
- Richard the Lionhearted
- from England; successful in fighting several crusader battles but eventually driven out by Saladin;
- BAILIFFS
- • Responsible for carrying out lords will • Responsible for collecting tax revenue for the King
- BATTLE OF HASTINGS
- Williams the Conqueror landed on southern coast • Marched for John of England• William defeats King of England and lays claim to the throne • Vikings got England • Norman conquest • Political connection between France and England
- Urban II
- Pope Urban II spoke before a large crowd in Eastern France and asked Europe's lords to launch a crusade or hole war against the muslim Turks. He urged them to capture Jerusalem and free the holy land from the Muslims where Jesus had lived
- usury
- The practice of lending money at an unlawful, illegally high rate
- LOUIS VII
- Risked the wrath of the church to annul marriages with their first wife to ensure male heir. Married Eleanor of Aquitaine. Used the church as an ally and issued the Peace of God.
- Boniface VIII
- pope who was angered by Philip IV's demand that the clergy pay taxes to the national treasury.. he wrote a decree called the "Unam Sanctum" which declared his own supremacy over temporal rulers.. he was called to trial by Philip IV and held prisoner, dying soon after his quick release
- Inquisition
- A religious court in Spain who was against conversions from Judiasm to Islam
- PHILIP IV
- • The king of france • Started Babylonian Captivity. Investiture Controversy. Boniface incident.
- Babylonian Captivity
- Pope lived in Avignon, France. King of France dominated everything. Italy doens't like France b/c they have the church/Pope
- Phillip Augustus
- from France; gets in argument with Richard Lionhearted and takes his army home
- cultural significance of Crusades
- Italian city states became wealthy, cultural interactions through trade, laid foundation for Italian Renassaince
- Gregory_VII
- the pope who fought to establish the supremacy of the pope over the Church and the supremacy of the Church over the state (1020-1085)
- magna carta
- this document, signed by king john of england in 1215, is the cornerstone of english justice and law. it declared that the king and government were bound by the same law as other citizens of england. it contained the atecedents of the ideas of due process and the right to a fair and speedy trial that are indluded in the protection offered by the u.s. bill of rights
- Saladin
- Muslim leader who grew up in occupied land: leader and devout religious figure in Egypt: Unites Muslims and fights in 3rd Crusade
- Fief
- Land owned by a lord given to a vassal in return for a service
- ELEANOR OF AQUITAINE
- • Famous women in medieval history • Most wealthy and powerful women of the 12th century • Inherited Aquitaine • Married Louis VII • 4 daughters together • Marries Henry II and has 5 sons
- Philip_II
- son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223)
- William_the_Conqueror
- duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England
- Primogeniture
- 1st child born inherits all riches of father: other sons left out
- UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA
- Southern European model • Group of students came together and standard • Set the standards for how much to pay and requirements • Hired the teachers, paid salaries, fine or discharge professors • Fined professors for missing class/being a ****** prof • Profs prohibited from marriage • Students wanted to control quantity and quality of education • To study law
- INVESTIGATORS
- • Enqueteurs • Investigate bailiffs • Not corrupt • Check up on the bailiffs • Reinforced the idea of royal justice in Paris • Increased prestige of Capetians • Unstoppable the Capetians were