Honors Biology Test 1
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- process in which cells release energy from food molecules
- cellular respiration
- an organism in which the majority of cells have a membrane-bound nucleus which encloses DNA
- eukaryote
- the passing of information/traits from parent to offspring
- heredity
- organism which must take in food by eating other organisms
- heterotroph
- condition in which a living thing is in a state of balance
- homeostasis
- having many cells
- multicellular
- process which uses light energy to turn carbon dioxide and water into food molecules
- photosynthesis
- unicellular organism which lacks a membrane-bound nucleus
- prokaryote
- process in which building blocks called amino acids are put together using instructions from DNA
- protein synthesis
- responses by the cells of an organism which maintain homeostasis
- regulation
- condition in which cells have specific features which enable them to carry out a specific task for the organism
- specialization
- producing complex substances from simple building blocks
- synthesis
- movement of material within and between cells
- transport
- having one cell which completes all life processes
- unicellular
- part one of the cell theory
- cells make up all living things
- part two of the cell theory
- cells area the basis of all living things structure and function
- part three of the cell theory
- new cells are formed by existing cells
- the relationship in which two species live closely together
- symbiosis
- the theory that many prokaryotic organisms had a symbiotic relationship that led to the development of the first eukaryotes
- endosymbiosis
- feature which enables an organism to become better suited to its environment
- adaptation
- characteristics of different living things that serve a common function, but may have great variation in form
- analogous structures
- process in which two organisms evolve traits or behaivorsin reponse to change in each other over time
- coevolution
- process in which unrelated organisms evolve similar features for similar ways of life
- convergence
- process in which one species gives rise to many, organisms evolve a variety of traits to occupy different niches
- divergence
- early stage of development after a fertilized egg divides
- embryo
- a continuous process in which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms; a change in species over time
- evolution
- combination of physical traits and behaivors that help organisms survive and reproduce
- fitness
- collection of preserved remains of once living things that provide a history of life on Earth
- fossil record
- parts of different organisms with similar patterns of development, although they have a common apperance they may differ in function
- homologous features
- mammal which gives birth to very immature babies which continue their development in a pouch on the mother's body
- marsupial
- process in which organisms with traits best suited for their environment survive and pass on favorale traits to their offspring
- natural selection
- the place in which an organism lives and carries out a specific role in the community
- niche
- mammals in which a placenta is formed and supports a longer period of development
- placental mammal
- separation of populations due to barries that results in failure of members of the smae species to interbreed-forming two separate species over time
- reproductive isolation
- gradual changes that result in the formation of two distinct species from one
- speciation
- group of living things with similar characteristics that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
- species
- parts of an organism that seem to serve no purpose, these structures provide evidence of a shared ancestry with organisms in which the part is useful
- vestigial structures
- organelle which breaks fown food to release energy
- mitochondria
- organelle which transports proteins
- endoplasmic reticulum
- organelle which produces proteins
- ribosomes
- organelle which breaks down materials
- lysosome
- minimum requirements for a cell
- cytoplasm chromosomes DNA ribosomes