Parasitology intro
Terms
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- area of biology concerned with the phenomenon of depenedence of one living organism on another. also known as host-parasite relationship
- PARASITOLOGY
- is concerned primarily with the animal parasites of humans and their medical significance as well as their importance in human communities
- MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY
- branch of medicine which deals with tropical diseases and other special medical problems of tropical regions
- TROPICAL MEDICINE
- is an illness which is indigenous to or endemic in a tropical area but may also occur in sporadic or epidemic proportions in areas that are not tropical.
- TROPICAL DISEASES
- is the living together of unlike organisms
- SYMBIOSIS (symbiotic relationship or biological relationship)
- is a symbiotic relationship in which two species live together and one species benefits from the relationship without harming or benefiting the other.
- COMMENSALISM
- example of commensalism
- ENTAMOEBA COLI IN THE INTESTINAL LUMEN
- is a symbiotic relationship in which two organisms mutually benefit from each other
- MUTUALISM
- example of mutualism
- TERMITES AND FLAGELLATES -in their digestive system that synthesize cellulase to aid in the breakdown of ingested wood.
- a symbiotic relationship where one organism lives in or on another depending on the latter for its survival
- PARASITISM
- example of parasitism
- ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA which causes amebic dysentery
- a parasite living inside the body of a host
- ENDOPARASITE
- a parasite living outside the body of the host
- ECTOPARASITE
- the presence of an endoparasite in a host
- INFECTION
- the presence of an ectoparasite on a host
- INFESTATION
- a parasite found in an organ which is not its usual habitat
- ERRATIC
- a parasite which needs a host at some stage of their life cycle to complete its development and to propagate; do not have a free-living existence
- OBLIGATE -ex. tapeworms
- parasites which exists in a free-living and parasitic existence
- FACULTATIVE
- a parasite found in an rgan which is not its usual habitat
- ERRATIC
- a parasite which establishes itself in a host where it does not ordinarily live
- INCIDENTAL/ACCIDENTAL
- a parasite which remains on or in the body of its host for its entire life
- PERMANENT
- a parasite which lives on the host for a short period of time
- TEMPORARY
- a parasite that passes through the digestive tract without infecting the host
- SPURIOUS
- a host in which the parasite attains sexual maturity or its adult stage
- DEFINITIVE/FINAL -taeniasis;humans are its definitive host
- host in which the parasite harbors its asexual or larval stage
- INTERMEDIATE -pigs for taenia spp. -snails for schistosoma spp.
- host where the parasite does not undergo further development
- PARATENIC -paragonimus in wild boar
- host other than definitive, intermediate and paratenic. they allowthe parasite's life cycle to continue and become an additional source of human infection
- RESERVIOR
- responsible for transmitting the parasite from one host to another
- VECTORS
- transmits the parasite only after the latter has completed its development within the host
- BIOLOGIC
- it only transport the parasite
- MECHANICAL
- parasites which are harmful and frequently cause mechanical injury to their host
- PATHOGENS
- harbors a particular pathogen without manifesting any signs and symptoms
- CARRIER
- process of inoculatING the pathogen
- EXPOSURE
- establishment of the pathogen in the host
- INFECTION
- the period between infection and evidence of symptoms
- (CLINICAL)INCUBATION PERIOD
- the period between infection or acquisition of the parasite and evidence of infection
- BIOLOGIC INCUBATION PERIOD
- the individual becomes his own direct source of infection
- AUTOINFECTION
- the infected individua is reinfected with the same species leading to massive infection with the parasite
- SUPERINFECTION/HYPERINFECTION
- sources of infection (6)
- soil water food arthropods as vectors wild/domesticated animals other persons (carriers)
- modes of transmission (6)
- ingestion of contaminated food and water skin penetration bites of arthropods congenital transmission inhalation of airborne eggs sexual contact
- development of parasite in its host
- LIFE CYCLE OF PARASITES
- examples of food-borne parasites
- taenia solium taenia saginata diphyllobothrium latum clonorchis sinensis (raw or improperly cooked)
- example of water-borne parasites
- entamoeba histolytica giardia lamblia
- examples of skin penetrating parasites
- hookworms (via soil) strongyloides (via soil) schistosoma (via h2o)
- http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/DPDx/HTML/Malaria.htm this is a life cycle of?
- Life Cycle of Malaria -study.