Earth Space Science - Chaps. 9, 10, 11, 12, 14
Terms
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- What is a mineral?
- A natural, inorganic, crystalline solid that make up the basic materials of the earth's crust.
- What are the seven characteristics of minerals?
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1. Color
2. Luster
3. Streak
4. Cleavage and Fracture
5. Hardness
6. Shape
7. Density - What are the non-silicates of minerals?
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1. Carbonates
2. Halides
3. Native elements
4. Oxides
5. Sulfates
6. Sulfides - What are the three major types of rocks?
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1. Igneous
2. Sedimentary
3. Metamorphic - How does an igneous rock form?
- It forms when magma cools and hardens.
- What is a sedimentary rock?
- A rock that is made from sediments, or broken particles of other rocks, minerals, and organic matter.
- What is a metamorphic rock?
- a rock that has been changed under pressure, force, or processes.
- What two kinds of structure can metamorphic rock have?
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1. Foliated
2. Unfoliated - What are foliated rocks?
- Foliated rocks are rocks with visible parallel bands that form through pressure and when minerals of different densities separate into bands
- What are unfoliated rocks?
- Unfoliated rocks are rocks that do not have visible bands or crystals.
- Mechanical weathering
- The process of breaking down rock into smaller pieces using pure physical actions
- Chemical weathering
- The decomposition of rocks using chemical reactions between the minerals in the rock and water, acids, etc.
- Soil Profile
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1. A Horizon (topsoil)
2. B Horizon (subsoil)
3. C Horizon (bedrock - Fossil Fuels
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Non renewable resources:
1. coal
2. Petroleum
3. Natural gas - Nuclear Energy
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1. Nuclear fission
2. Nuclear fusion - Alternative sources
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1. solar energy
2. geothermal energy
3. hydroelectric energy
4. wind energy