PSYCH 104 exam 1
Terms
undefined, object
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- occipital lobe
- primary visual information
- depth perception
- ability to see objects in 3 dimensions and allows us to see distance
- monocular cues
- 8
- Neurons: four parts
- Neurons, dendrites, axon, myelin sheath
- relative clarity
- hazy objects seem more distant
- sympathetic
- arousing autonomic system
- dendrite
- collects information
- perception
- select, organize, and interpret sensations--psychological
- correlation
- a measure of the extent to which two factors vary together and thus of how well either factor predicts of each other
- pons
- "Bridge" two functions: surface bridge between cerebellum and spinal cord, coordinates movements on left and right side of body
- amygdala
- relates to emotion
- difference threshold
- minimum difference between two stimuli required for distinction 50% of the time
- motor: PNS
- CNS to muscles and organs
- relative brightness
- closter objects appear brighter
- Neuron:
- cells life-support center
- central nervous system
- brain and spinal cord
- perceptual consistancy
- allows us to percieve an object as unchanging even as illumination and retnal image change (color, size and shape)
- theory
- an explanation using an integrated set of principals that organize observations and predicts behaviors or events.
- Gestalt Proxmity
- group nearby figures together
- autonomic
- controls our organs and glands--
- peripheral nervous system parts
- autonomic and sematic
- Synaptic gap\Cleft
- the gap between the synapse and the recieving neuron
- axon
- cells output structure
- JND
- just noticeable difference
- Neurotransmitters
- chemical messengers that travers the synaptic gaps between neurons
- relative motion
- closer objects seem to move faster
- Medullah
- regulates basic physiological functions, breathing, heartrate, digestion
- sensory: PNS
- sensory receptors to CNS
- synapse
- junction between Axon tip of the sending neuron and dendrite or of the recieving neuron
- gestalt continuity
- percieve continuous patterns
- positive correlation
- variables show and up and up or a down and down correlation
- measures of Central Tendency
- Mean, median mode
- negative correlation
- variables show an up and down or a downwards and upwards trend
- the limbic system
- Hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus
- cerebellum
- controls fine motor skills
- random Assignment
- every subject in study has an equal chance of being placed in either the experimental or control group
- hypothalamus
- maintains homeostasis in body
- myelin sheath
- not part of neuron, some have some dont, acts as an electrical insulator
- parasympathetic
- calming autonomic system
- relative height
- higher objects are seen as more distant
- texture
- coarse=close, fine=far
- binocular cues
- 1. retinal disparity (images from tewo eyes differ 2. convergance: the degree to which muscles rotate your eyes to focus on an object
- hypothesis
- a testable prediction, often applied by theory
- sematic sysem
- controls voluntary movements and skeletal muscles
- gestalt closure
- fills in gaps
- corpus callosum
- connects two hemispheres--major pathway
- interneurons
- connections w\in CNS
- bionocular
- depth cues that involve comparing in left and right eyes.
- hindsight bias
- tendancy to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.
- perpripheral nervous system
- three kinds of neurons connect to body: Motor, Sensory, and Interneurons
- Absolute threshold
- nimimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time
- Monocular Cue
- depth cues that appear in the image in either left or right eye
- frontal lobe
- primary recieving area for auditory information
- independent variable
- controlled factor in an experiment
- Localization
- notion that different functions are located in different areas of brain
- the brain
- achieves 20% of body's work
- sensation
- detect physical energy and encodes it into a neural signal--physical
- sensory adaption
- diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation
- psychology
- scientific study of behavior and mental processes
- survey
- a technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people. Usually by questioning or a random sampling
- parietal lobe
- processes somatic information (touch) and contains somatosensory cortex
- Random Sample
- every number of a population being studied should have an equal chance of being selected for the study
- Cue
- stimulous characteristic which influences our perceptions
- four lobes of brain hemispheres
- frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
- experiment
- a direct way to test a hypothesis about a cause\effect relationship between factors
- Gestalt cimilarity
- groups figures that are similar
- hindbrain
- brain stem with four parts: medulla, cerebellum, pons, reticular formation
- gestalt grouping principals
- tendency to percieve things in groups
- dependent variable
- measured facts in an experiment
- bottom-up
- starts with sensory receptors and works up to the brains integration
- hippocampus
- forms new memories
- reticular formation
- inside medula, regulates sleep, wakefulness, levels of arousal
- gestalt connectedness
- spots, lines, and areas are seen as a unit when conected.
- relative size
- smaller image is more distant
- interposition
- closer object vlocks distant object
- top-down
- starts with higher level mental processes that construct perceptions drawing on our experiences and expectations
- laterialization
- notion that different functions are processed in one side of the brain or the other
- linear p;erspective
- parallel lines converge with distance
- thalamus
- Middle of brain: relay station and processes information