Chapter 14 Human Heredity
Terms
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- Karyotype
- A photograph of of a cells chromosomes grouped together.
- Sex Chromosome
- one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
- Autosomes
- non-sex chromosomes
- All human eggs carry a single
- X chromosome
- 50% of sperm cells will contain either an
- X or Y chromosome
- The chances of an baby being a boy are
- 50%
- Shows the relationships within a family
- pedigree chart
- Roman numerals (I, II, III) in a pedigree indicate...
- generations
- Numbers increasing by 1 across a row on a pedigree indicate...
- individuals
- AA or Ao
- Blood Type A
- BB or Bo
- Blood type B
- AB
- Blood type AB
- oo
- Blood type O
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Autosomal - Recessive
- Phenylketonuria (PKU)
- Autosomal - Recessive
- Tay-Sach's disease
- Autosomal - Recessive
- Huntington's disease
- Autosomal - Dominant
- Sickle Cell Disease
- Autosomal - Co-dominant
- Sex-Linked Genes
- genes located on the X or Y chromosomes
- Barr Body
- inactivated X chromosome
- Non-disjunction
- homologous chromosomes fail to part during meiosis
- Babies cannot be born without an
- X chromosome
- Gene Therapy
- replacing an absent or faulty gene with a healthy gene via viruses
- XX
- genotype for a female
- XY
- genotype for a male
- 46, XX
- indicates 46 total chromosomes and is a girl
- 47, XY
- indicates 47 total chromosomes and is a boy
- 44
- number of human autosomes
- color blindness
- X linked - recessive
- hairy pinna
- Y linked
- restriction enzymes
- enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides
- gel electrophoresis
- procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel
- size
- used to separate DNA fragments during gel electrophoresis
- sticky ends
- the uneven ends of a double-stranded DNA molecule that has been cut with a restriction enzyme
- human genome project
- An international collaborative effort to map and sequence the DNA of the entire human genome.
- genome
- the complete genetic material contained in an individual
- 1000 Genome Project
- comparing and contrasting the human genome for 1000 people searching for answers about variation among the species
- bioinformatics
- the use of computers, software, and mathematical models to process and integrate biological information from large data sets.
- genomics
- study and comparison of genomes within a single species or among different species
- Turner's Syndrome
- XO; no Barr bodies; short stature
- Kleinfelter's Syndrome
- males with XXY sex chromosomes
- non-disjunction
- event during meiosis in which homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids fail to separate