MEDICAL NURSING I - Breed Identification
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- What are the seven groups of dogs?
- The seven groups of dogs are Herding, Hound, Toy, Terrier, Working, Non-Sporting, and Sporting.
- What are the two types of dogs in the hound group?
- The hound group is divided into two types, either by scent or sight.
- What are some of the characteristics of sight hounds?
- Sight hounds utilize their vision and speed to pursue prey, and are more nervous or high energy.
- What are some of the characteristics of scent hounds?
- Scent hounds utilize their keen sense of smell to track prey, spend a lot of time with noses to the ground, and have a tendency to be aggressive if bred to sniff out more aggressive prey.
- Name some of the dogs that are considered sighthounds.
- Sighthounds include: Greyhound, Whippet, Saluki, Afghan, Borzoi, Irish Wolfhound, Scottish Deerhound, and Pharoah Hound.
- Name some of the dogs that are considered scenthounds.
- Scenthounds include: Bloodhound, Basset, Harrier, Beagle, Coonhound, Foxhound, Dachsund, and Rhodesian Ridgeback.
- What was the original purpose of hounds?
- Hounds were originally used to pursue game and participate in the hunt.
- What was the original purpose of herding dogs?
- Herding dogs were bred to herd cattle, sheep, goats, deer, and chickens.
- What uses have determined the selective sizing in breeding of herding dogs?
- Herding dogs were originally large to defend flocks from wolves and bear, but were bred smaller as predator numbers have declined and need for agility has increased.
- What are the two smallest dogs in the herding group?
- The two smallest dogs in the herding group are the Corgi and the Sheltie.
- Name some of the medium sized dogs in the herding group.
- Medium sized dogs in the herding group include: Australian Shepherd, Border Collie, Australian Cattle Dog, and Puli.
- Name some of the largest dogs in the herding group.
- The largest dogs in the herding group include: Bearded Collie, Briard, German Shepherd Dog, Tervuren, Malinois, and Bouvier.
- What are some of the characteristics of dogs belonging to the working group?
- Working group dogs were bred to perform specific tasks, and their temperaments match their original task intent.
- Name some of the dogs that belong to the working group.
- Dogs belonging to the working group include: Boxer, Malamute, Bullmastiff, Doberman, Rottweiler, Komondor, Akita, Saint Bernard, Husky, Standard Schnauzer, Great Dane, Newfoundland, Samoyed, Portuguese Water Dog, and Great Pyrenees.
- What was the original purpose of dogs that belong to the sporting group?
- Sporting group dogs were bred specifically to be used for in to hunt, retrieve, or flush game.
- What are some of the characteristics of dogs in the sporting group?
- Dogs in the sporting group are generally high energy active dogs, as well as loyal and eager to please.
- Which breed is responsible for the most dog bites of any breed?
- The American Cocker Spaniel is responsible for more dog bites than any other breed.
- Name some of the dogs that are included in the sporting group.
- Dogs in the sporting group include: Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Cocker Spaniel, Springer Spaniel, Labrador, Clumber, Irish Setter, Gordon Setter, Golden Retriever, Pointer, Weimaraner, Vizsla, and German Wirehair Pointer.
- What are some of the characteristics of dogs in the terrier group?
- Terriers are very loyal, intelligent, inquisitive, active, fearless, tenacious, and bold.
- What was the original purpose for the development of most of the dogs in the terrier group?
- Most terriers were originally developed in Great Britain, and bred to hunt and kill ground dwelling pests.
- Name some of the smaller members of the terrier group.
- Smaller dogs in the terrier group include: Norwich, Norfolk, Border, Manchester, Cairn, Parsons Russell, Scottish, and West Highland.
- Name some of the medium-sized dogs in the terrier group.
- Medium-sized dogs in the terrier group include: Bedlington, Staffordshire Bull, Miniature Bull Terrier, Fox Terrier, Skye Terrier, Miniature Schnauzer, Wheaten, and Kerry Blue.
- What was the purpose of breeding members of the toy group?
- Dogs belonging to the toy group were bred specifically to be companions or pets.
- What are some of the characteristics of the companion breeds, or dogs belonging to the toy group?
- Dogs belonging to the toy group are usually small, docile, sociable and self sufficient, requiring less exercise than other dogs and adaptable to living in small spaces.
- Name some of the dogs that belong to the toy group.
- The toy group includes: Chihuahua, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Pomeranian, Papillion, Poodle, Pekinese, Pug, Shih Tzu, Chinese Crested, Japanese Chin, Maltese, Bichon Frise, Brussels Griffon, Havanese, and Italian Greyhound.
- Name some of the dogs belonging to the non-sporting group.
- Dogs in the non-sporting group include: American Eskimo, Bichon Frise, Boston Terrier, Bulldog, Shar-pei, Chow Chow, Dalmation, Spitz, Keeshond, Lhasa Apso, Lowchen, Poodle, Schipperke, Shiba Inu, Tibetan Spaniel, and Tibetan Terrier.
- How did domestic cats originate?
- Domestic cats arose from European wild cats, and have been selectively bred for particular physical characteristics.
- How are cats divided into general categories?
- Cats are divided into short, medium, and long coat breeds.
- Name three cats that have unique coat differences.
- Three coat differences in cats are the Wirehair, Sphynx, and Rex.
- Name four cats that have unique physical differences.
- Unique physical differences are illustrated in the American Curl (eartips curl), Manx (rumpy and stumpy), Scottish Fold (eartips fold over), and Munchkin (shortened leg structure).
- Name some of the cats that fall into the long coat category.
- Cats that fall into the long coat category include: Persian, Himalayan, Balinese, and Cymric.
- Name some of the cats that fall into the medium coat category.
- Cats that fall into the medium coat category include: Norwegian Forest Cat, Ragdoll, Turkish Van, Turkish Angora, Birman, Maine Coon, and Somali.
- Name some of the cats that fall into the short coat category.
- Cats that fall into the short coat category include: Domestic Shorthair, American Shorthair, British Shorthair, Siamese, Oriental Shorthair, Exotic Shorthair, Korat, Russian Blue, Abyssinian, Bombay, Singapura, and Chartreuse.
- What is the difference between a British Shorthair and a Domestic Shorthair?
- British Shorthairs are shorter and have a rounder head than the Domestic Shorthair.
- What is the difference between the Domestic Shorthair and the American Shorthair?
- Domestic Shorthairs are common housecats, while American Shorthairs are Domestic Shorthairs which are standardized into a breed.
- Name some of the dairy breeds of cattle.
- Dairy breeds of cattle include: Holsteins, Guernsey, Jersey, and Ayrshire.
- Name some of the beef breeds of cattle.
- Beef breeds of cattle include: Herefords, Angus, Longhorns, Brahmins, Charolais, Simmental, and Limousin.
- Which of the beef breeds is most disease resistant?
- The most disease resistant beef breed is the Brahmin.
- Describe the milk fat content in the dairy breeds of Holsteins, Guernsey, and Jersey.
- The Guernsey has the highest fat content in milk, with Holsteins having a medium fat content, and Jerseys having the lowest fat content.
- What is the hardiest breed among beef cattle?
- The hardiest breed among beef cattle is the Longhorn.
- What are the general categories dividing the equine breed?
- The equine breed is divided into ponies, light horses, warm bloods, and heavy horses.
- What is the maximum height for a horse to be considered a pony?
- Horses must not exceed 14.2 hands to be classified as ponies.
- Name four of the most common horses in the pony category.
- Four of the most common ponies are teh Welsh, Shetland, Connemara, and Norwegian Fjord.
- Name some of the horses considered light or saddlehorses.
- Horses in the light category include: Arabian, Thoroughbred, Standardbred, Tennessee Walker, Quarterhorse, Appaloosa, Paints, and Pasa Fino.
- Name some of the horses in the warm blood category.
- Horses considered warm bloods include: Hanovarian, Swedish Warmblood, Irish Draft, and Freisian.
- What are some of the more common characteristics of horses in the warm blood category?
- Warm blood horses were European in origin, crossed between light and draft horses, are larger and stockier than light horses, and are endurance horses due to size and athletic ability.
- Name some of the horses in the draft or cold blooded category.
- Heavy or draft horses include: Shire, Belgian, Clydesdale, Percheron, and Suffox Punch.
- What are the three categories used to group sheep breeds?
- Sheed are divided into groupings as to use, whether for meat, fleece, or dual purpose.
- Name some of the meat sheep breeds.
- Meat sheep breeds include: Suffolk, Hampshire, Shropshire, Oxford, Southdown, and Cheviot.
- Name some of the sheep belonging to the fleece category.
- Fleece sheep breeds include: Delaine Merino, Rambouillet, Debouillet, Correidale, and Targhee.
- Name some of the sheep breeds that are considered dual purpose.
- Dual purpose sheep breeds include: Columbia, Dorset, Lincoln, and Romney.
- What are the three general groupings of goat breeds?
- Goat breeds are grouped by use, either for milk, wool, or as pets.
- Name some of the milk goat breeds.
- Milk goat breeds include: Alpine, Nubian, Saanen, Toggenberg, and La Mancha.
- Which goat is utilized for its hair?
- The Angora goat is utilized for its wool or hair.
- Which breed of goat is solely used as a pet or companion animal?
- Pygmy goats are only used as pets or companion animals.
- Name some of the breeds in the swine family.
- The swine family includes: Berkshire, Chesterwhite, Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, Poland China, Yorkshire, Tamworth, and Spot.
- What is the difference between the Chesterwhite, the Landrace, and the Yorkshire?
- Chesterwhites have small semi-erect ears, the Landrace has large droopy ears, and the Yorkshire has erect ears.