2.1/2.2
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- Queen Isabella
- Sponsered Columbus voyage
- Gold Coast
- African area where there is much gold and ivory and where Europeans traded.
- Henry the Navigator
- Set up navigation center for exploration.
- Portugal
- First country to start exploring because they did not have Med. port
- Moroccans
- Defeated Songhai
- Caravel
- Deveoped by Portuguese to carry more cargo and travel faster
- Songhai
- (1500-1600) Askiya Muhammad is leader; largest empire in Africa.
- Magellan
- Circumnavigated world
- Renaissance
- Period where Europeans studied Classical works of Greeks and Romans
- Banking
- Made Italians Rich
- Magnetic Compass
- Brought from China and helped determine direction
- Treaty of Torsedillas
- Moves line further so Portugal can claim Brazil
- Marco Polo
- Wrote Travels about his 17 year journey in China
- Vespucci
- Mapped coast of South America
- Almoravids
- Group that attacked Ghana and ruined their trade routes
- Movable Type and Printing Press
- Spread ideas and knowledge
- Mali
- (1250-1500) Mansa Musa was greatest king. Timbuktu became an important Islamic center because of his pilgrimage to Mecca
- Balboa
- Claimed Pacific Ocean and adjourning land
- Stern Rudder and Triangular Sail
- Developed by Arabs for sailing into wind
- Cabral
- Discovered Brazil
- Astrolabe
- Developed to measure latitude
- Line of Demarcation
- Divided land between Spain and Portugal
- Gama
- Discovered sea route around Africa
- Dias
- (1487) Sailed to southernmost part of Africa. Located Cape of Good Hope.
- Ghana
- (400-1200) Made $ from taxes on trade, Traded for salt, cloth, and brass. Trade caused many West Africans to become Muslims.