European History Chapter 10, Section 3
Terms
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- Italian nationalist who founded a secret society named Young Italy
- Giuseppe Mazzini
- another name for the Italian nationalist movement
- Risorgimento
- Monarch of the kingdom of Sardinia who became king of Italy
- Victor Emmanuel II
- prime minister of Sardinia; negotiated a secret deal with Napoleon III; fought with Garibaldi to help create Italian state
- Camillo Cavour
- long-time nationalist who commanded an Italian army to take over Southern Italy
- Giuseppe Garibaldi
- someone who wants to get rid of govt completely
- anarchist
- people moving away from their homeland
- emigration
- What obstacles to unity did Italian nationalists face? What conditions were good for unity?
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Obstacles: fighting from Austria, France and other foreign countries; intense localism from various parts of Italy
Good conditions: they all spoke the same language; strong nationalism; strong leaders - How did Cavour and Garibaldi work for Italian unity?
- For Italy to be a completely unified nation, it needed the southern lands of the Two Sicilies; Cavour gave Garibaldi supplies and ships which helped him conquer the South
- Describe the problems Italians faced after unification.
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- they had no tradition of unity so there were regional differences
- hostility btwn the state and the Roman Catholic Church
- revolts from radicals against the conversative govt
- a population explosion caused tension - Compare and contrast the goals and methods of Cavour in Italy and Bismarck in Germany.
- Both generals wanted to conquer at all costs, so they formed alliances with other countries and then turned on their allies to gain power. They also both exploited Napoleon III (Bismarck by kicking his ass, Cavour by tricking him into fighting against Austria). Cavour, however, unlike Bismarck, was willing to let others help him and was not so "iron-willed" as Bismarck.
- What was the source of conflict between Garibaldi and Cavour? How was it resolved?
- Cavour was worried that Garibaldi was too powerful, because he had kicked Sicily's ass so quickly. To make sure Garibaldi knew his place, Cavour sent Sardinian troops to "take care" of him. Instead, however, they joined up with Garibaldi. This didn't matter, though, because Garibaldi was a true patriot, and turned over Naples and Sicily to the king.