Positions and Procedures Quiz 9
Terms
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- Routine for thoracics.
- AP, lateral
- film size for thoracics
- 14*17
- On thoracics, how should you position the pt.'s head when recumbant and why?
- lay head directly on table or on a thin pillow to avoid accentuation the thoracic kyphosis
- On thoracics, for the supine position, how do you reduce kyphosis?
- flex the patient's hips and knees to place thighs in vertical position
- CR for thoracics
- should be approximately halfway between the jugular notch and the xyphoid process
- Why would you place a firm pillow under the pt's head on a lateral thoracic?
- to keep the long axis of the vertebral column horizontal
- On AP thoracics, placement of IR
- 1 1/2 to 2 inches above the shoulders
-
Respiration for AP
thoracics -
*take shallow breaths during exposure
OR
*suspend at the end of full expiration - position of IR and part for lateral thoracics
-
*superior edge of IR 1 1/2 -2 inches above shoulders
*center the POSTERIOR half at the level of T7(inferior angle of the scapulae. - on lateral thoracics, why do you adjust the pt's arms at right angles to the long axis of the body?
- to elevate the ribs enough to clear the intervertebral foramina
- respiration for lateral throacics
-
*breathe normally to obliterate vascular markings and ribs OR
*at the end of expiration - What is the drawback of using tilt?
- It creates distortion
- On lateral thoracics, what do you do if the vertebral column is not elevated to a horizontal plane?
-
*build the pt. up
OR
*angle the tube to make the CR perpendicular
(10deg for female)
(15deg for male) - Why would you not see upper thoracics in a lateral?
- the shoulders are in the way
- What should be seen on lateral thoracics?
-
*12 thoracic vertebrae centered on IR
*tight collimation to reduce scatter radiation - Routine for lumbar
-
*AP
*2 obliques
*Lateral
*Spot - Film size for lumbar
-
*AP/Lateral- 14*17
*Obliques- 14*14
*Spot- 8*10 - On lumbars, how do you reduce lumbar lordosis?
- flex the pt's hips and knees enough to place the back in firm contact with table
- For lumbar spine and sacrum, what's the center point?
- iliac crests (L4)
- For lumbar spine ONLY, what's the center point?
- 1 1/2 inches above the iliac crests (L3)
- Respiration for lumbars
- suspend at the end of expiration
- What should you see on lumbars/lumbosacrals?
-
*area from lower thoracics to the sacrum
*tight collimation to the lateral margin of the psoas muscles - The articular processes of the lumbar vertebrae form an angle of ___ to ___ degrees.
- 30, 50
- When do you normally perform obliques?
- immediately after the AP when pt. is in same position
- On lumbar obliques what is the degree of rotation to demonstrate articular processes?
- 45
- On lumbar obliques, which zygapophyseal joints are demonstrated?
- the joints CLOSEST to the IR
- Respiration for lumbar obliques.
- suspend at the end of expiration
- CR placement for lumbar region.
- enter 2 inches medial to the elevated ASIS and 1 1/2 inches above the iliac crests
- When pt. is positioned properly on obliques, lumbar vertebrate should look like ______.
- scottie dogs
- When joint is not well demonstrated, if pedicle is ANTERIOR, the pt is ______.
- not rotated enough
- When joint is not well demonstrated, if pedicle is POSTERIOR, the pt is ______.
- rotated too much
- If you see apophyseal joints on cervicals, pt. is _____. Its almost _____.
-
*obliqued TOO MUCH
*lateral - On cervicals, if you see both _____, then pt. is too AP.
- lung apices