USMLE Pharmacology Set 1
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- Block cell wall synthesis by inhibition of peptidoglycan cross-linking
- Penicillins
- Name three antibiotics that inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis?
- Bacitracin, vancomycin, cycloserine
- Blocks mRNA synthesis?
- Rifampin
- Bactericidal antibiotics?
- Penicillin,cephalosporins,vancomycin, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, metronidazole
- Disrupt bacterial/fungal cell membranes
- polymyxins
- Disrupt fungal cell membranes
- Amphotericin B, nystatin, fluconazole/azoles
- Block DNA topoisomerases
- Quinolones
- Block nucleotide synthesis
- sulfonamides, trimethoprim
- Blocks protein synthesis at 30S ribosomal subunit?
- Aminoglycosides and tetracyclines
- Blocks protein synthesis at 50S ribosomal subunit?
- Chloramphenicol, erythromycin/macrolides, linomycin, clindamycin, streptogramins, linezolid
- Which penicillin if delivered IV? and Oral?
-
Penicillin G (IV)
Penicillin V (Oral) - Toxicity of penicillin?
- Hypersensitivity and hemolytic anemia
- Three penicillins resistant to penicillinase due to bulkier R group?
- Methicillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin (oxacillin group)
- This penicillin (resistant to penicillinase) has been known for causing interstitial nephritis?
- Methicillin
- Three mechanisms of penicillin?
-
1. Binds penicillin binding proteins
2. Blocks transpeptidase enzyme
3. Activates autolytic enzymes