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Adi Granth
the first book written by Guru Arjan
Adi Shakti
Symbol on the turban pin worn by Sikh women
Akal Purakh
sikh name for GOD
Akal Takhat
The pre-eminent of the five seats of Sikh temporal authority
Akali Dal
The main political party of Sikhs in Punjab
Akhand Path
A continuous recitation of the Guru Granth Sahib, lasting about 48 hours, by a team of readers
Amrit
It is composed of water and sugar and is stirred with a double-edged sword while prayers are spoken
Amritdhari
A Sikh who has taken part in the ceremonial initiation into the Khalsa
Amritsar
City located in the northern Indian state of Punjab, where the Harimandir Sahib complex is located
Anand Karaj
The Sikh wedding ceremony
Anandpur
The city in India where the Khalsa was created in 1699
Ardas
The Sikh congregational prayer
Bhangra
A Punjabi folk dance
Bhindranwale, Jarnail Singh
A charismatic preacher and leader of a group of militants who were killed in the Indian army attack on the Harimandir Sahib complex in 1984
Caste
A ranked, birth-ascribed group which determines social standing and occupation
Chandigarh
The capital of the modern-day Indian state of Punjab
Chunni
A long, flowingveil worn by some Sikh women with their turbans. A symbol that every women is a princess
Dasam Granth
A sacred book of writings attributed by some Sikhs to Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru of the Sikhs
Dasvandh
One-tenth of personal income, which a Sikh is religiously obligated to donate to charity.
Gatka
The Sikh martial art form
Golden Temple
A gurdwara of historical, spiritual, and emotional significance to Sikhs
Giani
Someone learned in the Sikh religion
Granthi
A ceremonial reader of the Guru Granth Sahib
Gurbani
The revealed wisdom of the Sikh Gurus in their own words
Gurdwara
Literally translated "Home of the Guru." Any building or room dedicated to housing the devotional songs of the Guru for the prupose of spiritual practice
Gurmukhi
The written form of Punjabi, used in the Sikh scripture and in contemporary India.
Gurpurab
A Sikh holiday to commemorate the birth or death of a Sikh Guru
Gursikh
A Sikh devoted to Waheguru
Guru
depending on context of usage, to one of the ten Sikh prophets, the Sikh scripture, the Sikh community (Guru Panth), or God
Guru Arjan Dev
The fifth Guru of the Sikhs and their first martyr
Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708)
The tenth and last living prophet of the Sikhs, he passed the guruship onto the Sikh scripture
Guru Granth Sahib
The Sikh scripture, written in poetry organized in 31 sections
Guru Hargobind
The 6th Guru of the Sikhs. Following the martyrdom of his father, Guru Arjan Dev Ji
Guru Har Krishan
The 8th Guru of the Sikhs, who was only 5 years old when he became Guru in 1661
Guru Nanak
The founder of the Sikh faith
Guru Panth
The name used by Sikhs to describe the worldwide Sikh community
Guru Teg Bahadur
The 9th Guru of the Sikhs, who was killed by Mughal rulers in 1675 for defending Hindus facing forcible conversion to Islam
Harimandir Sahib
The Punjabi name for the Golden Temple
Haumai
The self-centeredness (ego) of a human, which can only be overcome through mediatation on God’s name (naam)
Hukam
A decree by a high authority
Jathedar
A leader of Sikh volunteers
Kacha
Undershorts. One of the five Sikh articles of faith
Kanga
Comb. One of the five Sikh articles of faith
Kara
Steel bracelet. One of the five Sikh articles of faith
Kaum
A term used by many Sikhs to refer to corporate the Sikh nation or Panth
Kaur
Literally "princess." The name given to all female Sikhs
Kesh
Uncut hair. One of the five Sikh articles of faith
Khalistan
The proposed name for a sovereign Sikh state in Punjab, indep. from india
Khalsa
The collective body of all initiated Sikhs, who drink the amrit instituted by Guru Gobind Singh, and agree to live by the highest ideals of Sikh principles
Khanda
Double-edged sword. When surrounded by a kirpan on each side and a quoit, a symbol of the Khalsa
Kirpan
Miniature ceremonial sword. One of the five Sikh articles of faith
Kirta
Traditional unifrom worn by Sikh men
Kirtan
The devotional singing of sacred hymns
Langar
Free community kitchen
Matha taykna
Bowing down and touching the floor with one’s forehead in front of the Guru Granth Sahib
Maya
Sikh theology explains that everything in this world is an illusion, and that the only true reality is Waheguru
Naam
Name. The divine name of God
Naam Simran
Remembering God's name through meditation
Nitnem
The daily Sikh prayers. Sikhs recite prayers three times a day
Operation Blue Star
The Indian army attack on the Golden Temple in Amritsar and other gurdwaras in Punjab
Panj Piare
Often refers to the first five initiated Sikhs
Panth
The Sikh community
Patit
A lapsed Sikh who has been initiated into the Khalsa, but failed to observe the Khalsa code of conduct.
Prakash
A short ceremony performed when the Guru Granth Sahib is formally opened everyday
Punjab
Fertile, agriculturally productive region in South Asia which today is divided between India and Pakistan
Raag
A term used in Indian classical music to refer to a series of five or more notes upon which a melody is based
Ragi
A musician who is trained in performing kirtan
Rehat Maryada
A formalized code of conduct for the Khalsa way of life
Sangat
A Sikh congregation. Believed to be an essential aspect of living a spiritual and God-centered life.
Sant Sipahi
Guru Hargobind decreed that Sikhs should be both devout followers of the teachings of the Gurus, while being prepared to take up arms for self-defense and defense of the oppressed
Sat Sri Akal
A common Sikh greeting, meaning "God is True and Timeless."
Seva
Community service
Shabad
A sacred Sikh hymn
Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (S.G.P.C.)
elected governance committee, located in Amritsar, is responsible for the administration of gurdwaras in India
Sikh
student, disciple
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