Haven-O science exam review
everything we need to know for the science exam.
Terms
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- solid
- A mineral is always a solid, with a definite volume and shape.
- condensation
- The process by which a gas changes to a liquid.
- origin
- extrusive rock is igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface Igneous rock that formed when magma hardened beneath Earth's surface is called intrusive rock.
- groundwater
- Water stored in underground layers of soil and rock.
- color
- Color can be used to identify only those few minerals that always have their own characteristic color.
- uses of metamorphic rocks
- used for flooring, roofing, outdoor walkways, chalkboards, as a trim for stone buildings, sculptures, and building.
- ground water
- Water stored in underground layers of soil and rock.
- streak
- The color of a mineral's powder
- chemical
- Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals crystallize from a solution.
- mineral composition
- Rocks are made of mixtures of minerals and other materials.
- foliated
- Term used to describe metamorphic rocks that have grains arranged in parallel layers or bands
- organic
- Sedimentary rock that forms from remains of organisms deposited in thick layers.
- cleavage
- Cleavage: a mineral's ability to split easily along flat surfaces
- inorganic
- Not formed from living things or the remains of living things
- precipitation
- Rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
- luster
- The way a mineral reflects light from its surface.
- cleavage and fracture
- Cleavage: a mineral's ability to split easily along flat surfaces Fracture: the way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way.
- compaction
- The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight.
- fracture
- Fracture: the way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way.
- crystal structure
- The particles of a mineral line up in a pattern that repeats over and over again.
- deposition
- The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carring it.
- definite chemical structure
- This means that a mineral always contains certain elements in definite proportions.
- special properties
- Minerals can be identified by special physical properties.
- luster
- The way a mineral reflects light from its surface.
- texture
- the look and feel of a rock's surface, determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock's grains.
- naturally occurring
- To be classified as a mineral, a substance must be formed by processes that occur naturally in the natural world
- nonfoliated
- The mineral grains are arranged randomly.
- color
- Color can be used to identify only those few minerals that always have their own characteristic color.
- density
- The amount of mass in a given space; mass per unit volume
- crystal systems
- The way geologists classify minerals into 6 groups based on the the number and angle of the crystal faces.
- evaporation
- The process by which molecules of a liquid absorb energy and change to a gas.
- building materials- other uses
- used for tools, cleaning, polishing, curbstones, floors, kitchen counters
- cementation
- The process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass.
- three main rock groups
- Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
- clastic
- Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure.
- erosion
- The destructive process in which water or wind loosens and carries away fragments of rock.
- uses of sedimentary rocks
- used for tools, cement, steel, building materials
- streak
- The color of a mineral's powder