Proteins and Enzymes
Terms
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- The building blocks of proteins are _______.
- amino acids
- What type of chemical bond connects amino acids to form proteins?
- Covalent bond
- The formation of a larger molecule from two smaller molecules, accompanied by the giving off of water is known as _____.
- dehydration synthesis
- What are the main elements of protein?
- carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sometimes sulfur
- What is the common suffix (word ending) for most amino acids?
- ine
- List 10 uses for protein, or things made of proteins?
-
movement (muscles)
structure (connective fibers of bones, tendongs, ligaments, and cartilage)
biochemical control (chemical reactions in cells)
transport (hemoglobin in bloodstream)
storage (mothers milk)
regulation (insulin)
defense (against viruses and bacteria) - More than _____ different proteins are found in the human body.
- thousands
- What makes amino acids different from one another?
- the R group (rest of chain)
- During the digestion of proteins, certain enzymes break down proteins into ______.
- amino acids
- The material acted on by an enzyme is the ______.
- substrate
- Because an enzyme operates in only one kind of chemical reaction, enzymes are said to be _______.
- specific
- The specificity of an enzyme is explained by the ____________ model.
- lock and key
- What type of organic compound are enzymes composed of?
- carbo
- The optimal temperature for the best enzyme activity should be about ______ in humans.
- 98.6 degrees
- Enzymes aid the body by changing the ________ of biochemical reactions.
- process
- The enzyme that aids in the digestion of maltose is ________.
- maltase
- The smaller portion of the enzyme molecule which functions in enzyme action is called the ________ site.
- active site
- Distortion of an enzyme generall occurs at 40 degrees C. This is now as
- dinitration
- What determines the type of protein?
- the arrangement of the amino acids