Ap Human Geography 3rd Quarter Midterm Review
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Terms
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- Christaller's Model
- model that shows a central place that provides support for the population in its hinterland
- agglomeration
- clustering of doctor's offices and pharmacies around a hospital is an example of
- wheat
- in terms of tonnage, the largest export crop in the world
- United States
- consumes most fossil fuels per capita
- von thunen's law
- model of agricultural land use based on the cost of transportation and rent
- waterways
- prior to 1850, all major cities were located near
- shifting
- multicropping is associated with ________ agriculture
- aging population
- most characteristic of a country in the last stage of demographic transition(low birth/low death and zero population growth)
- cultural landscape
- what humans have done to effect the enviornment
- substance farming
- agricultural production for family consumption
- literacy rate
- correlates closely with per-capita income
- rank-size rule
- a pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement
- corporate farms
- because of improvements in transportation and systems, these farms have gained an advantage over family farms
- sector model
- according to this model of north american cities, members of low income groups tend to live in linear residential areas radiating from the center of the city outward(like slices of a pie)
- balkanization
- fragmentation of a region into smaller units
- primate city
- urban center disproportionately larger than the 2nd largest city in a country that dominates the country's social, political, and economic activities
- export oriented
- south american populations are located near coasts because colonial cities were
- New England
- over-harvesting of breeding stock by commercial fishermen is an immediate concern to policy makers here
- United Nations
- this supranational organization has set the law of the sea at 12 nautical miles
- trucking
- form of transportation with low terminal cost, high line cost, and high route flexibility
- cartography
- the art and science of mapmaking
- modern architecture
- architecture that stresses efficiency and geometrical order
- belief systems
- alignment of ancient chinese cities based on the cardinal directions best illustrates the importance of this in the planning of early cities
- nunavut
- an area in Canada reserved for native peoples
- younger age structures
- less developed countries tend to have these age structures
- world cities
- international company headquarters, significant global financial functions, and a polarized social structure are defining characteristics of
- Judaism
- an ethnic religion
- Shiite Muslim
- the majority of Iran's population belongs to this religous sect
- Caucasus
- realm of the greatest linguistic fragmentation
- Regionalization
- this is to geography as periodization is to history
- core-periphery model
- early stages of this model describe the relationship of power and the transfer of resources from less developed to more developed countries
- refridgoration
- in the first half of the 20th century, this facilitated the transportation of beef(boo!) over long distances to global markets
- africa
- in the early 21st century, most refugees were in
- city beautiful movement
- architects and planners from this movement introduced beauty and imposed order in chaotic industrial cities
- multicropping
- a characteristic of shifting agriculture
- pop culture
- diffuses quickly to a wide variety of places
- shatter belt
- an area of instability between opposing political and cultural values
- the federal survey system
- of the late 18th century which imposed a geometric pattern on the landscape
- rural to urban
- greatest migration trend of the 19th and 20th century in intraregional areas worldwide
- nickel smelting
- an industry that is located close to the source of raw materials
- cultural diffusion
- the spread of an idea or innovation from its source
- fragmented state
- Indonesia is an example of a
- single 25 year olds
- are most likely to migrate
- quaternary
- economic activities that involve the collection, processing and manipulation of information
- supranational orginizations
- orginizations including at least 3 countries that members must compromise to join; ex. the European Union, the Arab League, the United Nations
- New Zealand
- has low population growth due to good education, isolation, and favorable economics
- Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana
- the largest concentration of amish is found in
- desertifacation
- a large environmental problem associated with africa
- resolution
- size of a map's smallest discernible land unit
- Argentina
- country with few people per unit of arable land
- footloose industry
- the computer chip industry is an example of a
- southwest asia
- the world's 3 major monotheistic religions(Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) orginated here
- Shipping
- from of transportation with low terminal cost, low line cost, and low route flexibility
- high mass consumption
- the final stage of Rostow's modernization
- Turkey
- wheat was first domesticated in
- hearths of early agriculture
- first cities arose in
- Rostow's modernization
- model of modernization concerned with economic development that matures to high mass consumption
- Flying
- form of transportation with high terminal cost, low line cost, and low route flexibility
- Africa
- desertifacation is most often associated with
- energy and technology
- dramatic increases in grain production since 1950 have been made possible by an increase in the use of
- enviornmental desterminism
- according to this idea, temperate regions have the most productive settlements
- Frank Lloyd Wright
- father of modern architecture and the subject of Ayn Rand's book "The Fountainhead"
- irrigation
- Unlike other Mediterranean agriculture areas, Californian agriculture uses
- internet
- is reshaping traditional economic arrangements by expanding the importance of express package delivery systems
- colonial cities
- some prominent native american cities later became
- europe
- in the early 20th century most refugees were in
- European Union
- this supranational organization fostered economic growth by eliminating tariffs and trade restrictions between member states
- Honolulu
- important gateway city (gateway to the pacific)
- 12 nautical miles
- the United Nations has set the law of the sea at
- maquiladoras
- manufacturing outsourcing centers along the U.S./Mexican border
- 4 asian tigers
- Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan are the
- Industrial Revolution
- spawned vast manufacturing centers
- Germany
- did not have lasting colonial presence in Africa after 1920
- asia
- in the late 20th century, most refugees were in
- rectilinear
- land parcels in the United States Midwest are usually this shape
- longitude
- lines of _________ meet at the poles