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s.s. vocab

Terms

undefined, object
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poll tax
a tax of a fixed amount per person that had to be paid before the person could vote
arsenal
a storage place for weapons and ammunition
ethnic group
Group of people who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or combination of such characteristics
free silver
the unlimited production of silver coins
dry farming
a way of farming dry land in which seeds are planted deep in ground where there is some moisture
open range
land not fenced or divided into the lots
carpetbagger
name given to Northern whites who moved South after the war and supported the Republicans
segregation
the seperation or isolation of a race, class, or group
dividend
a regular payment received by stockholders for each share that they own
trust
a combination of firms or corporations formed by a legal agreement, especially to reduce competition
literacy test
a method used to prevent African Americans from voting by requiring prospective voters to read and write at a specified level
shareholder
a person who invests in a corp. by buying stock and is a partial owner
freedmen
a person freed from slavery
mass production
the production of large quantities of goods using machinery and often an assembly line
border ruffians
Missourians who traveled in armed groups to vote in Kansas' election during the mid-1850
vaudeville
a type of entertainment popular chiefly in the U.S. in the early 20th century, featuring a mixture of specialty acts such as burlesque comedy, song, and dance
standard gauge
the uniform width of 4 feet, 8.5 inches for railroad tracks, adopted during the 1880s
black codes
laws passed in the South just after the Civil War aimed at controlling freedmen and enabling plantation owners to eploit African American workers
injunction
a court order to stop an action, such as a strike
collective bargaining
discussion between an employer and union representatives of workers over wages, hours, and working conditions
consolidation
the practice of combining separate companies into one
draft
the selection of persons for required military service
trade union
organization of workers with the same trade or skill
assimilate
to absorb a group into the culture of a larger population
emancipate
to free from slavery
realism
an approach to lit, art, and theater tat shows things as they really are
corporation
a group that is authorized by law to carry on an activity but having the rights and duties of single person
casualty
a military person killed, wounded, or captured
civil war
conflict between opposing groups of citizens of the same country
greenback
a piece of U.S. paper money first issued by the North during the Civil War
merger
the combining of two or more businesses into one
vigilante
people who take the law into their own hands
horizontal integration
the combining of competing firms into one corp.
Rebel
Confederate soldier, so called b/c of opposition to the established gov.
secede
to leave or withdraw
cooperative
store where farmers bought products from each oter; an enterprise owned and operated by those who use its services
ore
a mineral mined for the valuable substance it contains, such as silver
secession
withdrawal from the Union
ironclad
armored naval vessel
sectionalism
loyalty to a region
assembly line
a production system with machines and workers arranged so that each person performs an assigned task again and again as the item passses before him or her
yankee
Union soldier
sweatshop
a shop or factory where workers work long hours at low wages under unhealthy conditions
offensive
position of attacking or the attack itself
vertical intergration
the combining of companies that supply equipment and services needed for particular industry
lode
a mass or strip of ore sandwiched between layers of rock
subsidy
grant of money from the gov. to a person or a company for an action intended to benefit the public
scalawag
name given by former Confederates to Southern whites who supported Republican Reconstruction of the South
amnesty
the granting of pardon to a large number of persons; protection for an illegal act
states' rights
rights and powers independent of the federal gov. that are reserved for the states by the Constitution
suburb
residential areas that sprang up close to or surrounding cities as a result of improvements in transportation
blockade
cut off an area by means of troops or warships to stop supplies or people from coming in or going out
lynching
putting to death a person by the illegal action of a mob
rebate
discount or return of part of a payment
bounty
money given as a reward to encourage enlistment in the army
fugitive
runaway or trying to run away
nomadic
moving from place to place with no permanent home
The Gilded Age
the name associated with America in the late 1800s, referring to the extravagent wealth and the terrible poverty that lay underneath
ragtime
a type of music w/ a strong rhythm and a lively melody with accented notes, which was popular in early 1900s

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