MSC 385 Final Exam Study Guide
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- Name 2 characteristics of effective supply chains.
- Communication and Collaboration.
- Name the 2 types of supply chains.
- Fishers Model: Functional/Innovative Products and Responsive/Efficient supply chains.
- One type of supply chain ___________ work for all of your products.
- will probably not
- ____________________________ is an effective tool in understanding your products supply chain and where to strategically focus continuous improvement efforts.
- Enterprise Value Stream Mapping
- Effective supply chain management does not stop __________________. Information must be flowed to the lowest level of the supply chain.
- at the first tier supplier
- What is simulation?
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Obtaining the reality of without the essence of...
Develop representation (or model) of real world system
Then experiment with model to observe, evaluate and study system over time - Why Simulate?
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* To evaluate system before implementation
* To understand system behavior
* To communicate with others
* For instruction and training
* For prediction (eg, predicting impact of various changes - What is Model Verification?
- * Checking that simulation code is performing properly
- What is Model Validation?
- * Determining if model is accurate representation of real world system
- Statistical Analysis: What does it mean?
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* What confidence do we have in the simulation results?
* Additional accuracy can be achieved by increasing run length of each replication or number of replications.
* How large of sample is needed?
* NOTE:Doubling accuracy requires quadrupling sample size or number of replications. - What is Lean?
- It shortens customer lead time(response time) by eliminating waste.
- Where did Lean come from? (History of Lean)
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2 Books:
The Toyota Production System by Taiichi Ohno
"The Machine that Changed the World" by Jim Womack(the term Lean Production was coined in this book)
"Lean Thinking" by Dan Jones - What is Waste?
- Any activity that is non-value added.
- What is a Value Added activity?
- Any activity that increases the market FORM or FUNCTION of the product or service(things a customer is willing to pay for).
- What is a Non-Value Added activity?
- Waste, as in employees not working up to par, Machine breakdowns, Order Processing, etc.
- What are the 8 Deadly Wastes?
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Defects
Overproduction
Waiting
Not utilizing people's KSAs
Transportation
Inventory
Motion
Excess processing - Describe Defects:
- It's the Inspection and repair of material in inventory, caused by such things as weak processing control, unbalanced inventory level, and customer needs not understood(among other things)
- Describe Overproduction:
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-Making MORE then is required by the next process.
-Making EARLIER then is required by the next process.
-Making FASTER then is required by the next process.
Caused by Just-in-case logic, Misuse of automation, Long Process Set-up, Unlevel scheduling, and Unbalanced workload. - Describe Waiting:
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Idle time created when waiting for parts, materials, machines, information, help, etc.
Caused by Unbalanced workload, Unplanned maintenance, and Unlevel scheduling(among others) - Describe Not utilizing people's KSAs:
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The waste of not using people's abilities(mental, creative, physical, skill).
Caused by Old guard thinking, politics, the business culture; Poor hiring practices, Low or no investment in training, Low pay, high turnover strategy. - Describe Transportation:
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Transporting parts and materials around the plant.
Transportation Waste is caused by Poor plant layout, Large batch sizes, and long lead times(among others). - Describe Inventory:
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"Any supply in excess of a 1-piece flow through your manufacturing process".
Causes of Excess Inventory include Unleveled Scheduling, Poor Market Forecast, Reward System, and it Protects the company from inefficiencies and unexpected problems(like the way an deep river protects from all the rocks at the bottom). - Describe Motion:
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It's the movement of people or machines that does not add value to the product or service.
Causes of Motion Waste include Poor people/machine effectiveness, Inconsistent work methods, and Extra "busy" movements while waiting(among other things). - Describe Excess Processing:
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It's the effort that adds no value to the product or service from the customers' viewpoint.
Causes of Excess Processing include Product Changes without process changes, the True customer requirements are undefined, and there are Redundant approvals(among other things).