Test for LPI Master Installer Certification
Terms
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- Definition of: Approved
- Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Authority having jurisdiction (AHJ)
- An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, and installation, or a procedure. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Labeled
- Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an organization that is acceptable to the AHJ... (NFPA)
- Definition of: Listed
- Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the AHJ... (NFPA)
- Definition of: Standard
- A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word "Shall" to indicate requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code... (NFPA)
- Definition of: Bonding
- An electrical connection between an electrically conductive object and a component of the lightning protection system that is intended to significantly reduce potential difference created by lightning currents. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Chimney
- A smoke or vent stack having a flue with a cross sectional area less than 500 sq in and a total height of 75 ft or less. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Combination waveform generator
- A surge generator with a 2-ohm internal impedance producing a 1.2/50 [mu]s open circuit voltage and an 8/20 short-circuit current wave-shape. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Flame protection
- Self-closing gauge hatches, vapor seals, pressure-vacuum breather valves, flame arresters, or other effective means to minimize the possibility of flame entering the vapor space of a tank. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Flammable air-vapor mixtures
- Flammable vapors mixed with air in proportions that will cause the mixture to burn rapidly when ignited. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Flammable vapors
- A concentration of constituents in air that exceeds 10% of its lower flammable limit (LFL). (NFPA)
- Definition of: Flash Point
- The minimum temperature at which a liquid or a solid emits vapor sufficient to form an ignitable mixture with the air near the surface of the liquid or the solid. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Heavy-Duty Stack
- A smoke or vent stack with a flue that has a cross-sectional area greater than 500 sq in and a height greater than 75 ft. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Catenary lightning protection system
- A Lightning Protection System consisting of one or more overhead ground wires. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Class 1 Flammable Liquid
- Any Liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 37.8C (100F) and having a vapor pressure not exceeding 2068 mm Hg (40 psi) at 37.8C (100F). (NFPA)
- Definition of: Combustible Liquid
- Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 37.8C (100F). (NFPA)
- Definition of: Explosive Materials
- Materials, including explosives (duh), blasting agents, and detonators, that are authorized for transportation by the Department of Transportation or the Department of Defense as explosive materials.
- Definition of: Maximum Discharge Current (I max)
- The maximum instantaneous value of the current through the SPD having an 8/20 waveshape (per mode of protection). (NFPA)
- Definition of: Spark Gap
- Any short air space between two conductors that are electriclly insulated from or remotely electrically connected to eachother. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Striking Distance
- The distance over which the final breakdown of the initial lightning stroke occurs. (NFPA)
- Definition of: Suppressed voltage rating (SVR)
- A specific measured limiting voltage rating assigned to a transient voltage surge suppressor (TVSS). (NFPA)
- Surge arrestor VS. Surge protective device (SPD)
- A Surge Arrestor limits surge voltage by discharging or bypassing surge current (repeatable), where a SPD will either limit or divert the current. (more general)
- Definition of: Transient
- A subcycle disturbance in the AC waveform that is evidenced by a sharp, brief discontinuity of the waveform. it can be of either polarity and can be additive to , or subtractive from, the nominal waveform
- Definition of: Transient Voltage Surge Suppressor (TVSS)
- A surge protective device listed for connection on the load side of the main over-curent protection in circuits not exceeding 600 Volts RMS.
- Is a 75 foot building class I or class II
- Class I
- Class 1 req- dia. of solid copper air terminal?
- 3/8"
- Class 1 req- dia. of solid aluminum air terminal?
- 1/2"
- Class 1 req- dia. & thickness of tubular copper air terminal?
- 5/8" dia & 0.033" thick
- Class 1 req- dia. & thickness of tubular aluminum air terminal?
- 5/8" dia & 0.064" thick
- Class 1 req- Minimum strand thickness for copper main conductor cable?
- 17 awg.
- Class 1 req- Minimum strand thickness for aluminum main conductor cable?
- 14 awg.
- Class 1 req- Min. strand size of copper secondary bonding cable.
- 17 awg.
- Class 1 req- Min. strand size of aluminum secondary bonding cable .
- 14 awg.
- Class II req- min dia. of solid copper air terminal
- 1/2"
- Class II req- min dia. of solid aluminum air terminal
- 5/8"
- Class II req- min size strand for copper main conductor
- 15 awg.
- Class II req- min size strand for aluminum main conductor
- 13 awg.
- Class II req- min strand size for secondary copper bonding wire/cable
- 17 awg
- Class II req- min strand size for secondary aluminum bonding wire/cable
- 14 awg
- What conductivity shall copper have when annealed?
- 95% conductivity
- What shall copper chimney components be protected with?
- A hot-dipped lead or tin coating.
- How far above grade shall bimetallic splicers be installed?
- At least 18".
- What is the maximum wind resistance area for an ornament on an unbraced air terminal?
- 20 sq. in.
- What is the maximum diameter of a ball ornament on an unbraced air terminal?
- 5"
- The zone of protection may be found using a 1 to 2 sloped line on building of what heights?
- 25' or less
- The zone of protection may be found using a 1 to 1 sloped line on buildings of what heights?
- 50' or less (and > 25')
- Definition of: Pitched Roof
-
Span<=40' & a pitch>=1/8
Span>40' & a pitch>=1/4 - At what height must the eaves on a pitched roof be at to require air terminals on the perimeter?
- >50'
- The perimeter of open areas in a roof shall NOT need additional protection under what conditions?
- If the perimeter is greater than 300 ft, AND both rectangular dimensions exceeds 50'.
- How far above grade shall an exposed down conductor be protected?
- For at least 6'
- If corrosive soil conditions are present, how far above grade must the down conductor (and ground) be protected?
- For at least 3'
- For long down conductors, how often must a conductor be connected to structural steel or rebar?
- Every 200 ft or less.
- What is the minimum outside diameter for masonry anchors?
- 1/4"
- What is the pull test rating for cable fittings/
- 890N or 200lb
- What is the minimum bonding area for primary bonding plates?
- 3 sq. in
- What is the maximum conductor run length of a "dead-ended" air terminal on a main roof?
- 8'
- What is the maximum conductor run length of a "dead-ended" air terminal on a non-main roof?
- 16'
- What sized rod shall be used to support conductor runs through the air for more than 3'?
- 5/8" minimum
- Welded grounding connections are required to have what bonding area?
- At least 2 times the cross sectional area of the conductor.
- Ground rod clamps shall make contact with the ground rod for what distance?
- 1-1/2"
- What distance from the foundation shall ground rods be located?
- 2' minimum
- In the event that bedrock lies near the surface, what distance & depth shall grounding cable be run in clay soil?
- 12' long x 2' deep
- In the event that bedrock lies near the surface, what distance & depth shall grounding cable be run in sandy or gravelly soil?
- 24' long x 2' deep
- In the event that bedrock lies less than 2 feet below the surface, what is the suggested grounding method? (per UL)
- Grounding plates located at least 2 feet from the foundation with a surface area of 2 sq. ft.
- In the event that Soil is less than 1' deep, what is the required grounding methods? (per UL)
- The structure shall be encircled with a main sized ground loop. Ground plates are optional.
- Definition of: Measured Limiting Voltage (MLV)
- Maximum magnitude of voltage that is measured across the terminals of the surge protective device (SPD) during the application of impulses of specified wave shape & amplitude.
- What is the minimum surface area of a ground plate?
- 2 sq. ft.
- In a radial ground terminal system, what is the required length & depth of the ground radials?
- 12' long & 18" below grade minimum
- Multiple radial terminals shall diverge at an angle not greater than what?
- 90 degrees
- What sized tree trunk requires 2 separate down conductors?
- 3' dia. min.
- What type of cable fastener is to be used on trees?
- Drive type
- What is the maximum distance between fasteners on trees?
- 3'-0" max. spacing
- What are the 2 recommended grounding methods for trees? (conductors & terminals)
- Grounding conductors shall be run out from the base of the tree in a shallow trench to beyond the drip-line of the tree. The ground terminals may either be radial, or terminate in ground plates.
- What material is approved for use on trees?
- Copper (and bronze)
- A tree protection system should be connected to the building system if within what distance from the building?
- 25'
- If multiple ground rods are used at one down location, what distance should separate the rods?
- The sum of their 2 lengths
- Where shall a concrete based electrode be located?
- Near the bottom of a concrete foundation or footing that is in direct contact with the earth.
- How much concrete shall a concrete based electrode be encased in?
- 2" minimum
- What are the 2 terminal types that may make up a concrete based electrode?
- Not less than 20' of main sized, bare copper conductor; or 20' of one or more steel reinforcing bars or rods not less than 1/2" in diameter that have been effectively bonded together by either welding or overlapping 20 diameters and wire-tying.
- How deep must a ground ring electrode be?
- 18" minimum below grade
- If a ground ring electrode is encased in concrete, how long must it be?
- 20' minimum
- Shall a ground ring conductor be main sized, or secondary sized?
- Main sized
- What is the minimum thickness of a ground plate electrode?
- 0.032" minimum
- How deep must a ground plate electrode be placed?
- 18" minimum below grade
- How many threads shall be engaged in the structural steel by a threaded device connecting a bonding plate to the steel?
- 5 threads minimum
- What kind of nut shall be used with a threaded device connecting a bonding plate to structural steel?
- A jam nut
- What is the minimum diameter of the threaded portion of a threaded device connecting a bonding plate to structural steel?
- 1/2" minimum
- Where shall surge protective devices (SPD) be installed
- At all points where an electrical or electronic system conductor leaves or enters a structure (unless the conductor supplies another structure and the conductors are run less than 100' or are buried or enclosed in grounded metal conduit or tubing)
- What distance from the base of the structure shall all grounded material be connected to the L.P. system?
- 12' maximum
- Ground loop conductors are required for buildings of what height?
- 60' and higher
- How many ground terminals shall an electrically continuous metal mast or flagpole require?
- 1
- A system for a heavy duty stack shall be which class? (I or II)
- Class II
- On a heavy duty stack, how far from the top shall the system be leaded?
- 25'
- How thick, on a heavy duty stack, shall the lead covering be?
- 1/16" minimum
- Name 4 materials that may be used for air terminals on a heavy duty stack.
- Solid copper, Stainless steel, titanium, or Monel Metal
- For heavy duty stacks, what is the maximum spacing for air terminals?
- 8'
- What is the minimum height of air terminals on a heavy duty stack?
- 18" minimum
- For top mounted air terminals on a heavy duty stack, what is the maximum height of the terminal?
- 18" max (& min)
- What is the maximum height of air terminals on a heavy duty stack?
- 30" maximum
- What diameter shall the air terminals be on a heavy duty stack?
- 5/8" dia. exclusive of corrosion protection
- On a heavy duty stack, at how may locations must a side mounted air terminal be secured?
- At least 2 locations
- On a heavy duty stack, how thick must an electrically continuous steel hood covering be to be allowed to be used for the strike termination device?
- 3/16" min.
- On a heavy duty stack with an 3/16" thick steel hood covering, what bonding area must the connections to the down conductors have?
- 8" sq.
- On a heavy duty stack, what is the minimum size of any strand of cable?
- 15 AWG.
- For a heavy duty stack, what is the minimum number of down conductors?
- 2 minimum
- On a heavy duty stack, how close to the base must a loop conductor be installed?
- Within 12', preferably below grade.
- On a heavy duty stack, how far above grade shall conductors be protected from mechanical damage?
- 8' min
- On a heavy duty stack, how often shall down conductors be connected with an intermediate loop conductor?
- every 200' max.
- Name 3 materials that are acceptable for use in fasteners on a heavy duty stack.
- copper, bronze, or stainless steel.
- On a heavy duty stack, how shall fasteners be anchored to the stack?
- With masonry anchors, or lay-in attachments.
- On a heavy duty stack, how often shall vertical conductors be fastened to the structure?
- every 4' max.
- On a heavy duty stack, how often shall horizontal conductors be fastened to the structure?
- every 3' max.
- Name 4 types of splicing methods that are approved on heavy duty stacks.
- Bolting, brazing, welding, and high-compression connectors (must be listed for h.d. stacks)
- On a heavy duty stack, what distance must splicers make contact with conductors?
- 1-1/2" minimum
- On a heavy duty stack, how high must an exterior isolated metal body be, to be required to be bonded to the system?
- 150'
- For a heavy duty stack, what is the minimum length of grounding rods?
- 10'
- For a heavy duty stack, what is the minimum diameter of grounding rods?
- 5/8"
- What is the striking distance that shall be used for structures containing flammable, or similarly dangerous materials?
- 100'
- For catenary systems, what striking distance shall be used?
- 100'