Science Chap. 5

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Terms

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What is motion?: Motion is when an object changes position over time when compared with a reference point.
What is speed?: The rate at which an objects moves.
What is velocity?: The speed of an object in a particular direction.
What is acceleration?: The rate at which velocity changes.
What is force?: Force is simply a push or pull.
What is a newton?: Newton is a unit in which force is measured by.
What is net force?: Net force is the force that results from combining all the forces exerted on an object.
What is friction?: Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching.
What is gravity?: Gravity is a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses.
What is mass?: Mass is the amount of matter in an object, and its value does not change.
To determine if an object is in motion, compare its position over time to a __________ point.: reference
Can a moving object be used as a reference point?: Yes, because if you were on a hot air baloon which is a moving object, you could watch a flying bird overheard, and see it was changing position to your moving balloon.
_______ is the rate at which an object moves.: speed
How fast an object moves depends on the distance traveled and the _______ taken to travel that distance.: time
The SI unit for speed is _____.: m/s (meters/second)
How do you caculate average speed?: total distance/total time
Velocity has speed and ________.: direction
To find the resultant velocity, add velocities that are in ________ directions. Subtract velocities that are in __________ directions.: same;different
How do you calculate acceleration?: final velocity-starting velocity/time it takes to change velocity
Another name for acceleration in which velocity increases is _______ accleration.: positive
Negative acceleration in which velocity decreases is called __________.: deceleration
How can you recognize acceleration on a graph?: Velocity increases as time passes.
True or False? All forces have size and direction.: True
True or False? A force is a push or a pull.: True
True or False? Forces are measured in liters.: False
True or False? You can exert a push force without there being an object to receive the force.: False
Forces are unbalanced when the net force is not equal to __________.: zero
To start or change the motion of any object, you need an _________ force.: unbalanced
Forces are balanced when the net force applied to an object is __________ zero.: equal to
What force is responsible for the painful difference between sliding on grass and sliding on pavement?: The force that is responsible for this is friction.
True or False? Friction occurs when the hills and valleys of 2 surfaces stick together.: True
Pavement creates more friction than grass. Why is that?: Pavement is rougher than grass.
True or False? Friction is affected by the amount of surface that is touching.: False
What kind of friction is this? A hockey puck crossing an ice rink.: Sliding friction
What kind of friction is this? A crate resting on a loading ramp.: Static Friction
What kind of friction is this? Wheeled cart being pushed: Rolling Friction
What kind of friction is this? Air rushing past a speeding car: Fluid Friction
Static friction is at work if you try to drag a heavy suitcase along the floor and the suitcase _________.: Doesn't move
As soon as an object starts moving, static friction __________.: disappears
How does friction harm the engine of a car?: It increases temperature and wears down parts.
Why do you need friction to play sports?: If there was no friction, you would not be able to pick up a ball or even run.
What are some ways to reduce friction?: Use a lubricant, make rubbing surfaces smoother, change sliding friction to rolling friction.
The force of attraction between two objects due to their masses is the force of _________---.: gravity
Does all matter experience gravity?: Yes, because matter has mass and gravity is the result of mass.
The force that pulls you toward your pencil is called the __________ force.: gravitational
Since all objects are attracted to each other due to gravity, why can't you see the objects moving toward each other?: The mass of most objects is too small to make an attraction.
How are objects around us affected by the mass of the Earth?: The objects on Earth and the mass of Earth have attraction because of Earth's large mass equals up to a large gravitational gorce.
What did Newton figure out about the moon and a falling apple.: There was an unbalanced force on the apple to make it fall, just liek the moon, except it needs the force to keep it moving in a circle.
Newton's law of universal gravitation describes the rlationships between....: distance, mass, and gravitational force
Which objects are subject to the law of universal gravitation?: Satellites, water, frogs, and stars.
True or False? If the distance between the objects are the same, the gravitational force between two feathers is greater than the gravitational force between two bowling balls.: False
If two objects are moved _________ each other the gravitational force between them increases.: toward
Why doesn't the sun's gravitational force pull you off the Earth?: The sun is very far away.
What would happen to the Earth and other planets in the solar system without the sun's gravitational gorce?: The planets would not stay in orbit around the sun.
The strength of the gravitational force exerted by an object depends on the ________ of the object. THe measure of the Earth's gravitational force on an object is the object's _______.: mass;weight
Mass or Weight? Different on the moon: weight
Mass or Weight? expressed in newtons: weight
Mass or Weight? measured in grams: mass
Mass or Weight? measure of gravitational force: weight
Mass or Weight? Value doesn't change: mass
Mass or Weight? Amount of matter in an object: mass
True or False? On Earth, mass and weight are constant which means they are the same thing.: False

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