bio lab final
Terms
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copy deck
- agarose gel electrophoresis
- separation of DNA fragments due to size using an electrical current (IT CAN SEPARATE DNA THAT ARE 1 NUCLEOTIDE DIFFERENT)
- how to judge blood typing
- use the punnent square
- telophase
- CYTOKENISIS occurs and the cell is separated into two daughter cells, cleavage furrow separates the cell into two
- mutation is spontaneous
- at random
- homozygous
- both members of the gene pair are identical
- how we wash bacteria
- centrifuge-> poured off media -> resuspended the bacteria
- conjugation
- genetic transfer of a plasmid from one living bacteria to another living bacteria using a pilus
- F-factor gene
- gene that produces pilus
- anaphase
- chromosomes will SEPARATE and MOVE to the opposite poles/ends of the cell
- polygenic
- many genes will affect a single trait
- restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) SATELITE DNA
- parts of DNA cut by restriction enzymes
- pilus
- tube bacteria uses to to connect to other bacteria in conjugation
- meiosis
- division of a cell into 2 cells with (half) 23 chromosomes (haploid) sex cell
- mutagen
- factor that causes mutations in genes
- cereccio marcessians
- red colored colonies
- mitosis
- division of a cell into 2 cells with 46 chromosomes (diploid) a body cell
- when a bottle of bacteria says TRIPTOFAN (-)
- the bacteria cant make triptofan and you need to put it in a growth media with the enzyme for triptofan
- why do we stain DNA
- to see it
- gene
- specific portion of DNA that contains all of the info to produce a specific protein
- bacteriophage
- are viruses that infect bacteria
- restriction enzymes
- cut DNA into RFLPs or satelite DNA
- genome
- entire compliment of genes/genetic material in a cell
- metaphase
- centrosomes are now located at the poles, and chromosomes line up in MIDDLE of the cell called the EQUATORIAL PLATE
- transformation
- bacteria can acquire plasmid DNA directly from its surroundings (dead gives genes->living bacteria)
- recessive gene
- gene that is not expressed
- prophase
- chromatin condense into chromosomes, nucleus will dissapear and MITOTIC SPINDLE will begin to form and move to poles
- back mutation
- reversal of mutation back to its origional form
- what happens when two identical patterns are found on electrophoresis
- it means that it was the same person
- cenrtomere
- divides chromosome
- transduction
- new DNA is introduced into a cell by a bacteriophage
- interphase
- longest phase in cell cycle, end stages CENTROSOME is replicated
- dominant gene
- gene that is expressed
- multiple alleles
- are multiple genes that code for the same trait
- why we put DNA at the (-) pole in electrophoresis
- DNA has (-) charge (like charges repel)
- prometaphase
- micro tubules of the mitotic spindle will enter the nucleus, and bind to the chromosomes via the KINETOCHORE
- heterozygous
- both members of the gene pairs are different
- why we need to wash the bacteria
- to get rid of the GROWTH MEDIA, to see if they mutated to grow w/o it
- cytokenesis on cleavage furrow
- indentation/pinching where the cell will separate into two
- dermal ridges (fingerprints)
- developed as a result of genetic influences
- DNA has a (-) charge
- so (+) CaCl attracts (-)DNA