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Chapter 5 Vocab

Terms

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acne
an inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin evidenced by comedones, pustules, or nodules on the skin
albinism
a hereditary condition characterized by a partial of total lack of melanin pigment
alopecia
baldness; natural or unnatural deficiency of har
atopic dermatitis
a chronic skin inflammation characterized by swollen papules and vesicles that crust and scale
basal cell carcinoma
a malignant tumor of the basal layer of the skin epidermis
basal layer
deepest region of the epidermis
bulla
a blister larger than 0.5 cm (second degree burn blister)
burn
any injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases
cellulitis
an acute inflammation of subcutaneous tissue resulting from a bacterial invasion through a break in the skin
cherry angioma
a small, round, bright-red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
cicatrix of the skin
a mark laft by the healing of a sore or wound showing replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue (scar)
closed comedo
below the skin surface with a white center
collagen
protein substance found in skin and connective tissue
comedo
a plug of sebum within the opening of a hair follicle
contact dermatitis
an inflammation of the skin resulting from contact with a substance to which one is allergic
crust
dried residue of serum, pus, or plud on the skin (impetigo)
depigmentation
loss of melanin pigment in the skin
dermatitis (eczema)
an inflammation of the skin characterized by redness, pruritus and lesions
dermatosis
any disorder of the skin
dermis
dense, fibrous connective tissue layer of the skin (also known as the corium)
dysplastic nevus
a mole with precancerous changes
ecchymosis
bruise; a black and blue mark--large purpura
eczema
to boil out; the term is often used interchangeabley with dermatitis
epidermal tumors
skin tumors arising from the epidermis
epidermis
thin cellular outer layer of the skin
epithelium
cells covering the external and internal surfaces of the body
erosion
to gnaw away; loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding (area of moisture after rupture of a vesicle)
eruption
appearance of a skin lesion
erythema
redness of skin
exanthematous viral disease
eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease
excoriation
a scratch mark (from a cat scratch)
first-degree burn
a burn involving only the epidermis, characterized by erythema (redness) and hyperesthesia
fissure
a linear crack in the skin
hair
outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin
hyperpigmentation
darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin
hypopigmentation
areas of skin laking color due to deficient amounts of melanin
impetigo
highly contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted-most often occurs around the mouth and nostrils
Kaposi sarcoma
a malignant tumor of the walls of blood vessels appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin
keloid
an abnormal overgrowth of scar tissue that is thick and irregular
keratin
hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails
lesion
an area of pathologically altered tissue
macule
a flat, discolored spot on the skin up to 1 cm across (freckle)
malignant cutaneous neoplasam
skin cancer
malignant melanoma
a malignant tumor composed of melanocytes
melanin
dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes
melanocyte
a cell found in the basal cell layer that gives color to the skin
nail
outgrowth of the skin attached to the distal end of each finger and toe, composed of keratin
nevus
a congential malformation on the skin that can be epidermal of vascular--also called a mole
nodule
a solid mass greater than 1 cm, which extends deeper into the epidermis
open comedo
open to the skin surface with a black center caused by the presence of melanin exposed to air
papule
a solid mass on the skin up to 0.5 cm in diameter (mole)
patch
a flat, discolored area on the skin larger than 1 cm (vitiligo)
petchia
spot; a reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spot on the skin that indicates a bleeding tendency--small purpura
plaque
a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter, limited to the surface of the skin
primary lesions
lesions arising from previously normal skin
pruritus
severe itching
psoriasis
an itching; a chronic, recurrent skin disease marked by silber-gray scales covering red patched on the skin that result from overproduction and thickening of skin cells
purpuric
purpura; lesions as a result of hemorrhages into the skin
pustle
a pus-filled sac (pimple)
rash
a general term for skin eruption, most often associated with communicable diseases
rubella
reddish; german measles
rubeola
reddish; 14 day measles
scabies
a contagious disease caused by a parasite that invades the skin, causing an intense itch-most often found at articulations between the fingers, tows, elbow
scale
a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis (dandruff)
sebaceous glands
oil glands of the skin
seborrhea
a skin condition marked by hypersecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
sebum
oily substances secreted by the sebaceous glands
second-degree burn
a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis, characterized by erythemia, hyperesthesia, and vesications
secondary lesion
lesions that result in changed in primary lesions
skin pigmentation
skin color due to the presence of malanin
squamous cell carcinoma
a malignant tumor of squamous spithelium
squamous cell layer
flat, scale like epithelial cells comprising the outermost layers of the epidermis
subcutaneous tissue
connective and adipose tissue layer just under the dermis
sudoriferous glands
sweat glands
suppuration
production of purulent matter (pus)
telangiectasia
a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole
third-degree burn
a burn involving all layers of the skin, characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage or destruction of the subcutaneous tissue
tumor
a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
ulcer
an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar and is sometimes accompanied by infection (decubitus ulcer)
urticaria
hives; an eruption of wheals on the skin accompained by itch
varicella
a tiny spot; chickenpox
vascular lesion
lesion of a blood vessel
verruca
an epidermal tumor caused by a papilloma virus (wart)
vesicle
little bladder; an elevated, fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis up to 0.5 cm in diameter
wheal
an area of localized skin edema (swelling) (hives)
xeroderma
dry skin

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