shock and trauma
Terms
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- pnuemothorax is...
- air collecting between the lung tissue and the chest wall
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Tourniquets are rarely used as a last resort.
A tourniguet is useful is a pt. is bleeding severly from a_______ or _____amputation - partial or complete
- The first s/sx of hypovolemic schock is...
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decreased mental status, such as anxiet restlessness or combativeness
** in non-trauma pts. weakness,faintness,dizzieness - Late s/sx of hypoperfusion shock suggesting internal bleeding
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tachycardia
weakness,fainting,dizziness
thirst
cold,moist clammy skin
shallow rapid breathing
dull eyes
low bp
weak, rapid, thready pulse
dilated pupils
infant peds with cap refill >2sec - s/sx of serious internal bleeding are
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vomitting blood (hematemesis)
black tarry stools (melena)
coughing up blood (hemoptysis)
distended abdoment
broken ribs - 3 basic causes of shock
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Pump failure
low blood volume
blood vessel dilate excessively - Hypovolemic Shock caused by hemmorghe is called
- hemorrhagic shock
- Hypovolemic shock
- shock caused by fluid or blood loss
- Septic Shock
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Shock caused by sever infection, usually bacterial infection.
*toxins damage vessel walls, causing a leak out of the vessels - what is a late sign of anaphalytic shock
- cyanosis
- neurogenic shock is described as
- circulatory failure, leads to widespread dilation, seen in spinal cord injuries
- Symptoms of nuerogenic shock
- absense of sweating below level of injury dilated vessels, loss of body temp (hypothermia)
- nuerogenic shock is the only type of shock that causes this
- slow pulse (brachycardia)
- Compensated shock is described as this
- early stage body can still compensate for blood loss
- Decompensated shock is described as this
- the late stage of shock when pressure is falling
- You should "expect" shock if a patient has any one of the 6 conditions
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Multiple severe fx
adb or chest injury
severe infections
major heart attack
anaphylaxis - Signs when a pt. is in decompensated shock (late stage)
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low bp
labored/irreg breathing
cyanotic skin
thready absent, perifpheral pulse
dilated pupils
poor urinary output - anaphayltic shock is described as
- a person reacting violently to a substance that he/she has been sensitized
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Never remove a impaled object
TRUE OR FALSE - TRUE
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REMEMBER
A systolic BP less that 100 mg Hg with weak rapid pusle should suggest... - shock/ hypoperfusion if accomipanied with bleeding
- Perfusion shock is indicated by this
- cool,moist, pale or gray skin
- Cardiogenic shock is described as
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inadequate funtion of the heart (develops when the heart muscle cant generate enough pressure to circulate blood to all organs)
* back up blood from cardiogenic shock in the lungs causes pulmonary edema - Mycoardial infarction
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when a blood clot prevents blood flow to an area of the heart muscle
**infarction means death of a tissue - phneumothorax is..
- an accumulation of air or gas in the plueral cavity
- a bruise of the heart muscle is
- mycardial contusion
- the most severe form of blunt chest injury causing fx of 3 or more ribs each in 2 spaces
- flail chest
- collection of air under steadily increasing pressure in the plueral space
- tension pnuemothorax
- hemothorax
- a collection of blood in the plueral cavity
- index of suspicion
- that unseen life-threating injuries may exsist