Med-Surg Nursing - 25
Terms
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- adventitious sounds
- extra breath sounds that are abnormal, such as crackles, rhonchi, wheezes, and pleural friction rubs
- chemoreceptor
- a receptor that responds to a change in the chemical composition (PaCO2 and pH) of the fluid around it
- compliance
- a measure of the elasticity of the lungs and thorax
- crackles
- short, low-pitched sounds caused by air passing through airway intermittently occluded by mucus, unstable bronchial wall, or fold of mucosa; evident on inspiration and, at times, expiration; similar sound to blowing through a straw under water
- dyspnea
- shortness of breath; difficulty breathing
- elastic recoil
- the tendency for the lungs to recoil after being stretched or expanded
- fremitus
- vibration of the chest wall produced by vocalization
- mechanical receptors
- receptors located in lungs, upper airways, chest wall, and diaphragm that are stimulated by irritants, muscle stretching, and alveolar wall distortion
- pleural friction rub
- creaking or grating sound from roughened, inflamed surfaces of the pleura rubbing together, evident during inspiration, expiration, or both and no change with coughing; usually uncomfortable, especially on deep inspiration
- rhonchi
- continuous rumbling, snoring, or rattling sounds from obstruction of large airways with secretions; most prominent on expiration; change often evident after coughing or suctioning
- surfactant
- a lipoprotein that lowers the surface tension in the alveoli
- tidal volume
- volume of air exchanged with each breath
- ventilation
- inspiration (movement of air into lungs) and expiration (movement of air out of the lungs)
- wheeze
- continuous high-pitched squeaking sound caused by rapid vibration of bronchial walls