genetics 2
Terms
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- inbreeding
- the mating of individuals closely related genetically
- anther
- Part of a plant - the part of the stamen that contains pollen.
- Allele
- One of the alternate forms of the same functional gene. Alleles are separated from each other at meiosis.
- chromosomes
- One of the boies in the cell nucleus containing genes in a linear order. Like threads or rods of chromatin, which appear in a contracted form during mitosis and meiosis.
- carrier
- someone whose gene contains the recessive trait.
- gametes
- the mature haploid reproductive cell whose nucleus fuses with the gamete of the opposite sex (resulting in reproduction)with the resulting cell (zygote) developing into a new individual.
- geneticist
- a person who studies genetics - heredity and variation in organisms.
- hybrid
- offspring of parents that differ in one or more heritable characters; offspring of 2 different varieties or species.
- heredity
- the transfer of characteristics from parent to offspringby transmission of genes from ancestor to descendant.
- Mendel
- the father of modern genetics
- insulin
- a protein pancreatic hormone essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, used to treat diabetes
- generation
- a body of living beingsmaking a single step in the line of descent from an ancestor.
- genotype
- the genetic makeup of an organism,
- meiosis
- nuclear division resulting in chromosomal division from diploid to haploid and segregation and reassortment of the genes occurs. Gametes or spores may be produced.
- select breed
- purposeful crossing of species
- Secretariat
- a carefully bred race horse.
- sickle cell
- an inherited disease that results in misshapen blood cells.
- punnett square
- the checkerboard diagram used to analyze gene segregation.
- environment
- surroundings, habitat, including food, shelter, education, parenting, etc., all of which may affect behavior and health.
- pistil
- the single or fused carpel of a plant, usually containing a stamen, stigma and ovary.
- drosphila
- the Latin name for the fruit fly
- mitosis
- nuclear division characterized by exact chromosome duplication and the formation of two identical daughter cells.
- dominant
- a trait that exerts its full effect regardless of its allele.
- diabetes
- an inherited disease that prevents proper processing of insulin in the body.
- mutation
- an inheritable change in the chromosomes.
- offspring
- the young or children of an animal or plant
- pure
- gentically stable and free from any inbreeding for one or more characteristics or traits.
- recessive
- a gene whose expression is masked by a dominant allele.
- replicate
- to produce a replica or copy of itself.
- hemophilia
- an inherited disease of the blood characterized by lack of clotting.
- color blind
- a vision defect produced by a recessive allele of the normal gene.
- cross pollinate
- the exchange of sperm between two plants and subsequent fertilization.
- identical twin
- twins born as a result of the splitting of one fertilized egg.
- fraternal twin
- twins born of two separate and diffrent fertilized eggs
- gene pool
- all of the alleles of a gene in a population
- genetics
- The study of heredity and variation in organisms.
- phenotype
- the observable characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction between its genetic makeup and the environment.