CHAPTER 6/ BOILOGY
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Disk of protein on a chromososes centromere to which micrtupules attach during mitosis and meiosis
- Kinetochore
- Form of mutation in which a chromosome contains an extra copy of a segment on DNA
- duplication
- Chromosomes that are similar in shape, size and the genes they carry.
- Homologous Chromosomes
- Mutation in which a nucleotide on segment of DNA is lost
- Deletion
- term usedto indicate cell containing two homologues of each chromosome
- diploid
-
A syndrome of congenital defects especially mental retardation, resulting
from an additional chromosome - Down syndrome
- In meiosis, term esed to indicats the reduction of the number of chromosomer when the cytoplasm divides
- Reduction division
- growth response in which the direction of growth is determined by the stimulus
- Trisomy
- Form of mutation caused by a chromosome fragment jioning a nonhomologous chromosome during cell division
- translocation
- Process in which the nucleus of a cell divides into two nuclei each with the sam number and of chromosome
- mitosis
- process in which the nucleus of a cell completes two successive divisions that produce for nuclei, each with a chromosome number that has been reduced by half
- meiosis
- Accident in chromosome separation when one daughter cell recelues both chromosomes and the other daughter
- nondisjunction
- a chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex
- Autosomes
- Procedure in which a sample of amniotic fluid is withdrawn and tested for gegetic abnormalities in a fetus
- Amniocentesis
- The exchange of reciprocal segments of DNA dy Chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis; source of genetic recombination
- Crossing over
- change in the DNA OF a gene or chromosome
- Mutations
- formof asexual reproduction that produces indentical offspring
- Binary fission
- mutation in which a chromosome fragment rejoins its orignal chromosome with it's nucleotides reversed
- inversion
- network of hollow protein cables that form between separeted centrioles and move chromosomes apart
- spindle Fiber
- Section of chromosome that cods for a protein or RNA molecules
- GENE
- Fertilized egg cell
- Zygote
- Fetel testing procedure in which pieces of the chrionic villi in a mothers uterus are removed and examined for genetic adnormalities
- Chronic Villi samplinf
- Array of the chromosomes found in an individual's cell's arranged in order of size and shape
- Karyotype
- Chromosomes that differ Between males and Femals
- Sex Chromosomes
- Haploid cell that partiaipates in fertilization by fusing with another haplad cell
- Gamete
- Rearrangement of genetic material
- Genetic Recombination
- Period of growth between two mitotic or meiotis divisions of a Eukaryotic cell
- interphase
- Having only one set of chromosomes
- Haploid
- pne of a pair of strands of DNA that make up a chromosome during meiosis or mitosis
- Chromatids
- Repeating five phase sequence of Eukaryotic cell growth and division
- cell cycle
- rejoining two chromatids
- centromere
- division of the cytoplasm
- cytokinesis