Chapter 20 Science
Terms
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- metals
-
conductors
solid at room temp
1-3 electrons in outer shell - malleable
- hammered or rolled
- ductile
- can be made into wires
- ionic bonds
- between metals and nonmetals
- metallic bonding
- positively charged metallic ions are surrounded by electron clouds
- Alkali metals
-
reactive
1 electron in outer shell
don't occur naturally in elemental form - radioactive element
- breaks down particle and gives off energy
- Alkaline Earth Metals
-
group 2
2 electrons - Transition Elements
-
3-12 groups
occur uncombined in nature
color compounds - iran triad
-
iron, cobalt, nickel
used to make steel - group 11
-
copper silver gold
stable malleable
coins; but got expensive - group 12
-
zinc cadium mercury
mercury only metal liquid at rm temp - Lanthiades
-
follow lanthanum
58-71 - Actinides
-
90-103
follow actinium
radioactive and unstable - ores
-
metals in earth's crust combined with other elements
mixed in clay or rock - nonmetals
-
gas at room temp
not conductors
electrons highly attracted to nucleus
ionic/covalent bonds - hydrogen
-
90% of all atoms
diatomic
one electron - diatomic molecule
- occurs with two of the same element bonded covalently
- Halogens
-
gropu 17
often diatomic
salts
reactive
7 electrons - Noble Gases
-
isolated
stable
no natural compound - Metalloids
-
ionic/covalent
decent conductors - The Boron Group
- 13
- The Carbon Group
-
14
4 electrons - allotrope
- different forms of the same element
- Nitrogen Group
-
15
5 electrons
covalent compounds - Oxygen Group
-
16
6 electrons - Synthetic Elements
-
smashing existing elements to create new ones
92 or more protons - Transurium Elements
-
no particular group
disentigrate quickly