Physio. Psych. Exam 2
Terms
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- What are the three meninges of the brain and what layers are they?
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1. Dura Mater (tough outer membrame)
2. Arachnoid Membrame (weblike membrame in the middle)
3. Pia Mater (means pious mother): adheres to the CNS surface - What is the cerebral aqueduct?
- it connects the thrid and forth ventricles of the brain
- What happens if the cerebral aqueduct is blocked?
- The cerebrospinal fluid gets blocked and the brain begins to expand- hydrocephalus-
- How is hydrocephalus treated?
- treated by draining excess fluid and trying to remove the obstruction in the cebral aqueduct
- What are the various neuron types?
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Multipolar neurons
Unipolar neurons
Biopolar neurons
Multipolar INTRAneurons - What is the structure of a multipolar neuron? (SG picutre)
- it has more than two processes
- What is structure of a bipolar neuron? (SG picture
- it has two processes extending from its body.
- What is structure of a unipolar neuron? (SG picutre)
- It has one process extending form its body.
- What is sturcture of a multipolar INTERneuron?
- No clearly defined dendrive/axon structure.
- What is the job of a multipolar interneuron
- They integrate neural activity within a single brain structure; not communicate different structures with eachother.
- What are parts of a cell body (aka soma)?
- Nucleus (DNA & RNA), cytoplasm (mitochondria & ribosomes), cell membrame
- In general, what is the function of the soma of a neuron?
- it is the metabolic center of the neuron
- What does DNA and RNA do?
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DNA: contains genetic blueprints of the cell
RNA: regulates the protein synthesis in the cell - What is the cytoplasm in the soma and what does it have in it?
- it is the jellylike stuff in the cell body that contains mitochondria and ribosomes.
- What do mitochondria do?
- extract energy from foods
- What do ribosomes do?
- they synthesize new proteins
- What is the function of the cell membrame?
- it controls the flow of substances in and out of the cell
- In general, what is the function of the axon?
- transmits information from the neuron
- What are the parts of the axon? (6 of them...)
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1. Axon hillock
2. Teleodendria
3. Presynaptic Terminal
4. Neurotransmitters
5. Synaptic Cleft
6. Neuromuscular junction - What does the axon hillock do?
- area where axon joins cell body
- What do the Teleodendria do?
- They branch at end of the axon, away from the cell body. (axon)
- What is the presynaptic terminal?
- the swelling at the end of the axon (axon)
- What do the synaptic vesicles do?
- they are sacs containing the neurotransmitter (axon)
- What are neurotransmitters?
- They are chemicals that affect the membrame of another cell.